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Phalanta Horsfield, [1829]

Leopards
Phalanta Horsfield, [1829]; Descr. Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (2): pl. 7, TS: Papilio phalantha Drury
Atella Doubleday, [1847]; Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): pl. 22, f. 3, TS: Atella eurytis Doubleday
Atella Doubleday, [1848]; Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 165
Albericia Dufrane, 1945; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 81: 98, TS: Albericia gomensis Dufrane
Phalanta, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Phalanta (Argynnidina) ; [MadL]
Phalanta (Vagrantini) ; [Torben B. Larsen]; [Wahlberg]; [AfrL]

Phalanta alcippe (Stoll, [1782])

Ceylon, W.Ghats, Sikkim - Assam, Burma, Malaysia, Philippines, Moluccas. See [About maps] Small Leopard
Papilio alcippe Stoll, [1782]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (32-32): 207, pl. 389, f. G, H, TL: Ambon
Phalanta alcippe, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Phalanta alcippe ; [BOW: pl. 149, f. 21]; [BOR, 255]

Larva on Alsodeia zeylanica [BIR] [BMP]

P. a. alcippe

Ambon, Serang, Saparua Phalanta alcippe alcippe ; [BAUR, 201 (text)]

P. a. alcippoides (Moore, 1900)

India - S.Burma, Thailand, Sumatra, Borneo Atella alcippoides Moore, 1900; Lepidoptera Indica, 4 : 199, pl. 361, f. 1, 1a-d
Phalanta alcippe alcippoides, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Phalanta alcippe alcippoides ; [BOR, 255]

P. a. drepana Fruhstorfer²

Java Phalanta alcippe drepana ; [BOR, 255]

P. a. pallidior (Staudinger, 1889)

Palawan Atella alcippe var. pallidior Staudinger, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 48, TL: Palawan
Phalanta alcippe pallidior ; [BOR, 255]

P. a. violetta (Fruhstorfer, 1900)

Philippines (Basilan) Atella alcippe violetta Fruhstorfer, 1900; Berl. ent. Zs. 45 (1/2): 17
Phalanta alcippe violetta ; [BOR, 255]

P. a. semperi (Moore, 1900)

Philippines (Luzon - Cebu?) Atella semperi Moore, 1900; Lepidoptera Indica, 4 : 201, TL: Luzon
Phalanta alcippe semperi ; [BOR, 255]

P. a. alcesta Corbet, 1941

Peninsular Malaya Phalanta alcesta Corbet, 1941; Entomologist 74 (6): 133
Phalanta alcippe alcesta ; [BMP: 151, pl. 21, f. 9-10]; [BOR, 255]

P. a. aurica Eliot, 1978

Pulau Aur, Pulau Permanggil Phalanta alcippe aurica Eliot, 1978; in Corbet & Pendlebury, Butterflies Malay Peninsula (3rd edn): 414, TL: Malaysia, P. Aur
Phalanta aurica Eliot, 1978; :
Phalanta alcippe aurica ; [BMP: 151, pl. 21, f. 11]; [BOR, 255]

P. a. tiomana Corbet, 1937

Pulau Tioman Phalanta tiomana Corbet, 1937; Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 6 (5): 99
Phalanta alcippe tiomana ; [BOR, 255]

P. a. ceylonica Mander²

Ceylon Phalanta alcippe ceylonica ; [BOR, 255]

P. a. andamana (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Andaman Is. Atella alcippe andamana Fruhstorfer, 1904; Ent. Meddel. 2 (5/6) : 311, TL: Andaman I.
Phalanta alcippe andamana ; [BOR, 256]

P. a. fraterna (Moore, 1900)

Nicobar Is. Atella fraterna Moore, 1900; Lepidoptera Indica, 4 : 201, pl. 361, f. 2, 2a-b, TL: Nicobar Is.
Phalanta alcippe fraterna ; [BOR, 256]

P. a. enganica (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Enggano Atella alcippe enganica Fruhstorfer, 1904; Berl. ent. Zs. 49 (1/2) : 192, pl. 2, f. 1, TL: Engano
Phalanta alcippe enganica Fruhstorfer²; [BOR, 256]

P. a. floresiana Fruhstorfer²

Flores, ?Lesser Sunda Is. Phalanta alcippe floresiana ; [BOR, 256]

P. a. celebensis (Wallace, 1869)

Sulawesi Atella celebensis Wallace, 1869; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1869 (4): 344, TL: Macassar
Phalanta alcippe celebensis ; [BOR, 256]

P. a. omarion Fruhstorfer²

Sula Is. Phalanta alcippe omarion ; [BOR, 256]

P. a. asinia (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Wetar, Timor Atella alcippe asinia Fruhstorfer, 1904; Ent. Meddel. 2 (5/6) : 310, TL: Wetter I.
Phalanta alcippe asinia ; [BAUR, 201 (text)]

P. a. quinta (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Bachan, Halmahera Atella alcippe quinta Fruhstorfer, 1904; Ent. Meddel. 2 (5/6) : 309, TL: Halmaheira
agoria Fruhstorfer²
Phalanta alcippe quinta ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. alcippina (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Obi Atella alcippe alcippina Fruhstorfer, 1904; Ent. Meddel. 2 (5/6) : 308, TL: Obi
?Atella alcippe alcippina Fruhstorfer, 1904; Berl. ent. Zs. 49 (1/2) : 192, TL: Java
Phalanta alcippe alcippina ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. cervina (Butler, [1877])

NW.West Irian Atella cervina Butler, [1877]; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1876 : 767, pl. 77, f. 5, TL: Yule Is.
Atella ariel de Nicéville, 1902; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 14 (2): 242, TL: Humboldt Bay, NW.New Guinea
Phalanta alcippe cervina ; [BAUR, 202]

P. a. arruana (C. & R. Felder, 1860)

Aru Atella arruana C. & R. Felder, 1860; Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (8): 236, TL: Arru
Phalanta alcippe arruana ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. cervinides (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Waigeu Atella alcippe cervinides Fruhstorfer, 1904; Ent. Meddel. 2 (5/6) : 310, TL: Waigiu
Phalanta alcippe cervinides ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. kinitis (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

E.New Guinea Atella alcippe kinitis Fruhstorfer, 1904; Ent. Meddel. 2 (5/6) : 309, TL: New Guinea
Phalanta alcippe kinitis ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. denosa Fruhstorfer²

Bismarck Archipelago Phalanta alcippe denosa ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. ephyra Godman & Salvin²

Bougainville, Shortlands Phalanta alcippe ephyra ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. rennellensis Howarth²

Rennel I. Phalanta alcippe rennellensis ; [BAUR, 202]

P. a. bellona Howarth²

Bellona I. Phalanta alcippe bellona ; [BAUR, 202 (text)]

P. a. interposita (Joicey & Talbot, 1916)

Schouten Is. Atella alcippe interposita Joicey & Talbot, 1916; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1916 (1) : 72

Phalanta eurytis (Doubleday, [1847])

Natal, Transvaal, Rhodesia, Zululand, Kenya - Sierra Leone. See [About maps] Atella eurytis Doubleday, [1847]; Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): pl. 22, f. 3
Phalanta eurytis, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Phalanta columbina Cramer, [1779]; auct., [see phalantha]
Phalanta columbina ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 105, f. 15]
Phalanta eurytis ; [AfrL]

Larva on Dovyalis rhamnoides, Populus sp. [PBSA], Trimeria, Maytenus, Salix [BK]

P. e. eurytis

Tropical Africa African Leopard Fritillary
Phalanta eurytis eurytis ; [BAFR, 211]; [BK, 356, pl. 51]; [AfrL]

P. e. microps (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)

Ethiopia, Sudan Atella columbina microps Rothschild & Jordan, 1903; Novit. Zool. 10 (3): 507, TL: Walenso, Gillet Mts.
Phalanta eurytis microps ; [BAFR, 211 (text)]; [AfrL]

Phalanta phalantha (Drury, [1773])

India, Ceylon, Burma, S.China, Malaya, Philippines, Japan, Australia. See [About maps] Common Leopard
Papilio phalantha Drury, [1773]; Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2: index, : 41, pl. 21, f. 1-2, TL: "India" [Madras or Bombay]
Papilio columbina Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 76, pl. 238, f. A, B [TS is aberrant phalantha]
Phalanta phalantha, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Phalanta phalantha phalantha, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Phalanta phalantha, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Phalanta phalantha ; [BOW: pl. 149, f. 22]; [BOR, 255]; [MRS, 461]; [AfrL]

749x1001 (~106Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien beach, a wasting land behind Jomtien Holiday Hotel, 2nd January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

1224x918 (~157Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien beach, a wasting land behind Jomtien Holiday Hotel, 2nd January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Larva on Flacourtia ramonthchi, F. montana, Smilax, Salix [BIR], Flacourtia indica, F. rukans, F. territorialis K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

P. p. phalantha

Atella phalanta phalanta[sic] ; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 126
Phalanta phalantha phalantha ; [BOR, 255]; [BMP: 151, pl. 21, f. 12-13]
Phalanta phalanta phalanta ; Huang, 2001

Larva on Flacourtia, Salix tetrasperma [BMP], Salix babylonica, Salix warburgii, Scolopia chinensis, Flacourtia spp. [MRS]

P. p. luzonica Fruhstofer²

Philippines Phalanta phalantha luzonica ; [BOR, 255]

P. p. columbina (Cramer)

S.China, Hainan, ?Taiwan Phalanta phalantha columbina ; [BOR, 255]

Is this Phalanta columbina or?

P. p. araca (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914)

Darwin Atella araca Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914
Phalanta alcippe araca ; [BAUR, 201]

P. p. aethiopica (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)

Madagascar, Seychelles, Aldabra, Comoro, Tropical Africa Common Leopard Fritillary
Atella phalantha aethiopica Rothschild & Jordan, 1903; Novit. Zool. 10 (3): 505
Phalanta phalantha aethiopica ; [BAFR, 210]; [BK, 356, pl. 51]; [MadL]; [AfrL]

Larva on Trimeria alnifolia, Dovyalis rotundifolia, Aberia macrocalyx, Populus alba, Salix sp. [PBSA]

P. p. granti (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)

Socotra I. Atella phalantha granti Rothschild & Jordan, 1903; Novit. Zool. 10 (3): 505
Phalanta phalantha granti ; [BAFR, 210 (text)]; [AfrL]

Phalanta madagascariensis (Mabille, 1887)

Madagascar. See [About maps] Atella madagascariensis Mabille, 1887
Phalanta madagascariensis, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Phalanta madagascariensis ; [BAFR, 210]; [MadL]; [AfrL]

2.12.2011 (6)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[AfrL]

Mark C. Williams; Checklist of Afrotropical Papilionoidea and Hesperoidea; Compiled by Mark C. Williams, 7th ed. (2008) (April 2007); e-mail: Mark C. Williams

[BAFR]

D'Abrera, 1980; Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region

[BAUR]

D'Abrera, 1977; Butterflies of the Australian Region (2nd edn)

[BHL]

The; Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!

[BIR]

Wynter-Blyth, M. A., 1957; Butterflies of the Indian Region; (1982 Reprint)

[BK]

Larsen, Torben B., 1996; The Butterflies of Kenya and their natural history

[BMP]

Eliot (Ed.), Corbet & Pendlebury, 1992; The Butterflies of The Malay Peninsula; 4th edition; ISBN 983-9681-05-2

[BOR]

D'Abrera, B., 1982, 1985, 1986; Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part I-III

[BOW]

Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X

[Don Herbison-Evans]

and Stella A. Crossley; Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans

[EBW]

Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6

[LAMAS-2005]

Gerardo Lamas; Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)

[LAMAS-NEO]

Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)

[MRS]

Chou Io (Ed.); Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2

[MadL]

Lees, D.C., Kremen, C. and Raharitsimba, H. 2003; in S.M. Goodman & J. P. Benstead (eds.), The Natural History of Madagascar; Classification, Diversity and Endemism of the Butterflies (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea): A Revised Species Checklist: : pp. 762-793; University of Chicago Press. 1709 pp.

[Oleg Kosterin]

Institue of Cytology & Genetics; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk; e-mail: Oleg Kosterin; http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/

[PBSA]

Dickson, C.G.C (ed.), Kroon, D.M.; Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa; AD. DONKER 1978

[Wahlberg]

Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group

[Yutaka Inayoshi]

A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China; Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM

[²]

This may require parentheses or not. I don't have the necessary information for this taxon.

Some related literature:

Butler, [1877]

Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera from New Guinea, with notice of a new genus Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1876 : 765-768, pl. 77

Corbet, 1937

Observations on Species of Nymphalidae and Riodinidae from the Malay Peninsula Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 6 (5): 99-104

Corbet, 1941

Further revisional Notes on Malayan Rhopalocera Entomologist 74 (6): 133-135

Eliot in Corbet & Pendlebury, 1978

The butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. Third Edition revised by J. N. Eliot Butterflies Malay Peninsula (3rd edn): 578pp, 55pls

Cramer, [1779]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 1-104, pl. 193-252 (1779), (22): 105-128, pl. 253-264 ([1780]), (23-24): 129-176, pl. 265-288 (1780)

de Nicéville, 1902

On new and little-known Butteflies, mostly from the Oriental Region. I-II J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 14 (2): 236-251, pl. FF, (3): 450-457

Doubleday, [1847]; Doubleday, [1848]

The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habitats and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; illustrated with 86 plates by W. C. Hewitson Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 1-18, pl. A, 1-4 (1-2) (1846), (1): 19-132, pl. 4*, 5-25, 28 (3-14) (1847), (1): 133-200, pl. 1*, 26, 27, 29, 31-44 (15-23) (1848), (1): 201-242, pl. 30, 45-52, 56-58, 60-62, 64 (24-31) (1849), (1): 243-250 [?], (2): 243-326, pl. 53-55, 63, 65, 66 (32-38) (1850), (2): 327-466, pl. 59, 67-77 (39-50) (1851), (2): 467-534, 143, 144, pl. 78-80 (Index) (51-54) (1852)

Drury, [1773]

Illustrations of natural history; wherein are exhibited ... Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2 : 1-90, pl. 1-50

K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991

Review of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Pushlished by authors, Melbourne Review Austr. Butts. (1-4):

C. & R. Felder, 1860

Lepidopterologische Fragmente. V-VI Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (4): 97-112, pl. 1-2, (8): 225-251, pl. 3-4

Fruhstorfer, 1900

Rhopalocera Bazilana. Verzeichniss der von W. DOHERTY auf der Insel Bazilan gesammelten Tagfalter Berl. ent. Zs. 45 (1/2): 1-38 (early August), 44 (3/4): pl. 2, f. 1-6 (1899)

Fruhstorfer, 1904

Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem Malayischen Archipel Ent. Meddel. 2 (5/6) : 291-332, 5 figs. (June)

Fruhstorfer, 1904

Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Rhopaloceren-Fauna der Insel Engano Berl. ent. Zs. 49 (1/2) : 170-206, pl. 1-2 (mid August)

Holland, 1896

List of the Lepidoptera from Aldabra, Seychelles, and other East African Islands, Collected by Dr. W. L. Abbot Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 18 (1064) : 265-273

Horsfield, [1829]

Descriptive Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects contained in the Museum of the Horourable East-India Company, illustrated by coloured figures of new species Descr. Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (1): 1-80, pl. 1-4 (1828), (2): 81-144, pl. 5-8, (expl.) [1-2] (1829)

Joicey & Talbot, 1916

New Lepidoptera from the Schouten Islands, with description of a new Tineid Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1916 (1) : 65-83, pl. 3-6

Rothschild, 1915

On Lepidoptera from the islands of Ceram (Seran), Buru, Bali, and Misol Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 105-144, (2): 209-227

Rothschild & Jordan, 1903

Lepidoptera collected by Oscar Neumann in north-east Africa Novit. Zool. 10 (3): 491-542, 12: 175-191

Staudinger, 1889

Lepidoptera der Insel Palawan Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 3-180, pl. 1-2

Stoll, [1782]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 29-90, pl. 305-336 (1780), (29-31): 91-164, pl. 337-372 (1781), (32-32): 165-252, 1-29, pl. 373-400 (1782)

Wallace, 1869

Notes on eastern Butterflies (3 parts) Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1869 (1): 77-81, (4): 277-288, 321-349

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.