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Life
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Ditrysia
Papilionoidea
Nymphalidae
Danainae
- Episcada Godman & Salvin, [1879]
-
Episcada Godman & Salvin, [1879]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 40, TS: Ithomia salvinia Bates
Prittwitzia Brown & Ebert, 1970
= ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 6; [NL4A, 186]
Ceratiscada Brown & Ferreira d'Almeida, 1970
Episcada, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Ceratiscada (Dircennini) ; [EcuL]; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 5
Episcada (Oleriini) ; Fox, 1940, Trans. amer. entomol. Soc. 66 (3) : 198
Episcada (Dircennini) ; [EcuL]; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 6; Brevignon, 2003, Lambillionea 103 (1): 51; [NL4A, 186]
Epsiscada (Dircennina) ; [Wahlberg]
-. See [About maps]
Ithomia apuleia Hewitson, 1868; Ill. exot. Butts [2] (Ithomia XXVI): [25], pl. [13], f. 163, TL: Ecuador
Pteronymia apuleia; [BOW: pl. 47, f. 38]
Episcada apuleia, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Episcada apuleia ; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 41; [NL4A, #234]
Ecuador
Episcada apuleia apuleia ; [NL4A, #234a]
Ecuador
apuleia santanella (Haensch, 1903) (Pteronymia); , TL: Ecuador, St Inéz
= Episcada apuleia ; [EcuL]
Episcada apuleia santanella ; [NL4A, #234c]
Bolivia
apuleia cora Haensch, 1909; , TL: Bolivia
Episcada cora ??Bang-Haas; [BOW: pl. 45, f. 32 (text only)]
Episcada apuleia cora ; [NL4A, #234b]
Peru
Episcada apuleia ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #234d]
Peru
Episcada apuleia ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #234e]
E.Amazonia. See [About maps]
Nereis doto Hübner, [1806]
Nerëis doto Hübner, [1806]; , TL: Brazil, "Rio de Janeiro"
Ceratiscada doto ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 5, pl. 13, f. 18
Episcada doto ; [NL4A, #237]
Brazil(Pará, ...)
Ithomia sisera Hewitson, 1852; Ill. exot. Butts [1] (Ithomia I): [94], pl. [48], f. 6, TL: [Brazil, Pará]
levi (Fox, 1942) (Pteronymia); , TL: "Colombia"
Episcada doto doto ; [NL4A, #237a]
Brazil(Espírito Santo)
doto canaria (Brown & d'Almeida, 1970) (Ceratiscada); , TL: Brazil, Espírito Santo
Ceratiscada canaria ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 5, pl. 13, f. 16
Episcada doto canaria ; [NL4A, #237b]
Brazil(Ceará)
doto zajciwi d'Almeida & Mielke, 1967; , TL: Brazil, Ceará
Episcada doto zajciwi ; [NL4A, #237c]
Venezuela
Episcada doto ssp. ; Neild, MS, [NL4A, #237d]
Peru
Episcada doto ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #237e]
Brazil(Ceará)
Episcada doto ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #237f]
Brazil. See [About maps]
hemixanthe (C. & R. Felder, 1865) (Ithomia); , TL: Brazil
Episcada hemixanthe ; [NL4A, #238]
Ecuador - Bolivia. See [About maps]
hymen Haensch, 1905; , TL: San Mateo, Bolivia
Ceratiscada hymen ; [EcuL]; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 5, pl. 13, f. 17
Episcada hymen ; [NL4A, #239]
Bolivia
Ceratiscada hymen hymen ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: pl. 13, f. 17
Episcada hymen hymen ; [NL4A, #239a]
Peru
Episcada hymen ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #239b]
Peru
Episcada hymen ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #239c]
Brazil(Paraná), SE.Brazil, Paraguay, NE.Argentina. See [About maps]
Episcada carcinia Schaus, 1902; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 24 (1262) : 384, TL: Brazil, Paraná
Episcada carcinia, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Episcada carcinia ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 6, pl. 14, f. 1, 6; [NL4A, #235]
Guianas. See [About maps]
Ithomia clausina Hewitson, 1876; Ill. exot. Butts [2] (Ithomia XXXIV-XXXV): [43], pl. [22], f. 234, TL: Bolivia
Episcada clausina, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Episcada clausina ; [BOW: pl. 45, f. 31 (text only)]; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 6, pl. 14, f. 5; Brevignon, 2003, Lambillionea 103 (1): 51; [NL4A, #236]
Bolivia, Peru
polita angelita Lamas, 1985; , TL: Peru
Episcada clausina clausina ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: pl. 14, f. 5; [NL4A, #236a]
Brazil(Minas Gerais)
clausina striposis Haensch, 1909; , TL: Brazil, Minas Gerais
Episcada clausina striposis ; [NL4A, #236b]
Ecuador
Episcada clausina ssp. ; Willmott & Lamas, MS, [NL4A, #236c]
Colombia - Brazil - N.Argentina, Ecuador. See [About maps]
hymenaea (Prittwitz, 1865) (Ithomyia[sic]); , TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
Episcada hymenaea, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Prittwitzia hymenaea ;
Episcada hymenaea ; [BOW: pl. 45, f. 32 (text only)]; [EcuL]; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 6, pl. 14, f. 7; [NL4A, #240]
Brazil(Rio de Janeiro), Venezuela, Bolivia
hymenea (Doubleday, [1845]) (Ithomia); (nom. nud.), TL: Venezuela
nepiscada (Haensch, 1905) (Pteronymia); , TL: [Bolivia]
(Episcada) ab. nebula (d'Almeida, 1922) (Rhadinoptera); , TL: Brazil(Rio de Janeiro)
(Episcada) ab. stratonicis (d'Almeida, 1922) (Rhadinoptera); , TL: Brazil(Rio de Janeiro)
Episcada hymenaea hymenaea ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: pl. 14, f. 7; [NL4A, #240a]
Colombia
hymenaea caucana (Brown, 1970) (Prittwitzia); , TL: Colombia
Episcada hymenaea caucana ; [NL4A, #240b]
Brazil(Mato Grosso)
hymenaea centralis (Brown & Mielke, 1970) (Prittwitzia); , TL: Brazil(Mato Grosso)
Episcada hymenaea centralis ; [NL4A, #240c]
Venezuela
Episcada hymenaea ssp. ; Neild, MS, [NL4A, #240d]
Peru
Episcada hymenaea ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #240e]
Peru
Episcada hymenaea ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #240f]
Peru. See [About maps]
Episcada sp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #241]
Peru
Episcada sp. ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #241b]
Peru
Episcada sp. ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #241c]
Bolivia
Episcada sp. ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #241d]
Ecuador, Peru, Colombia?. See [About maps]
mira (Hewitson, 1877) (Ithomia); , TL: Ecuador
segesta Weymer, 1899; , TL: [Colombia?]
comstocki Fox, 1945; , TL: Hacienda San Francisco, Rio Mapoto and Rio Pastaza, Tungurahua, Ecuador, 1300m
Episcada comstocki ; [EcuL]
Episcada mira ; [EBW]; [EcuL]; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 6, pl. 14, f. 2; [NL4A, #242]
Brazil(Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais). See [About maps]
Ithomia philoclea Hewitson, 1855; Ill. exot. Butts [1] (Ithomia VI-XIII): [109], pl. [56], f. 50, TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
munda (Weymer, 1875) (Ithomia); , TL: S.Amer.
montanella Zikán, 1941; , TL: Brazil, Minas Gerais
Episcada philoclea ; [NL4A, #243]
Peru. See [About maps]
Episcada sp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #244]
Colombia. See [About maps]
polita Weymer, 1899; , TL: Colombia
Episcada polita ; [BOW: pl. 45, f. 32 (text only)]; [NL4A, #245]
Colombia
Episcada polita polita ; [NL4A, #245a]
Colombia
polita cabenis Haensch, 1905; , TL: Colombia
Episcada polita cabenis ; [NL4A, #245b]
Venezuela
Episcada polita ssp. ; Neild, MS, [NL4A, #245c]
Venezuela
Episcada polita ssp. ; Neild, MS, [NL4A, #245d]
Venezuela
Episcada polita ssp. ; Neild, MS, [NL4A, #245e]
Ecuador
Episcada polita ssp. ; Willmott & Lamas, MS, [NL4A, #245f]
Peru. See [About maps]
Episcada sp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #246]
Peru. See [About maps]
Episcada sp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #247]
Mexico - Panama. See [About maps]
Ithomia salvinia Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (2): 34, TL: Guatemala
Episcada salvinia salvinia, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Episcada salvinia salvinia, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Episcada salvinia ; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 41, 3: pl. 3, f. 19; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 646; [BCR, 232]; [BOW: pl. 45, f. 31]; [EBW]; [NL4A, #248]
Larva on
Solanum antillarum [BCR]
Guatemala
Episcada salvinia salvinia ; [NL4A, #248a]
Colombia
salvinia apia (C. & R. Felder, 1865) (Ithomia); , TL: Nova Granada, Bogota
helena Haensch, 1905; , TL: Colombia, Muzo
= Episcada apia ; [EcuL]
= ; [NL4A, #248b]
Episcada apia ; [EcuL, (note)]
Episcada salvinia apia ; [NL4A, #248b]
Costa Rica
salvinia opleri Lamas, 1978; , TL: Costa Rica
Episcada salvinia opleri ; [NL4A, #248c]
-. See [About maps]
sulphurea Haensch, 1905; , TL: Bolivia
Episcada sulphurea ; [NL4A, #249]
Bolivia
Episcada sulphurea sulphurea ; [NL4A, #249a]
Peru
Episcada sulphurea ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #249b]
Peru
Episcada sulphurea ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #249c]
Venezuela. See [About maps]
Episcada sylpha Haensch, 1905; , TL: Venezuela
Episcada heneme Herrich-Schäffer, 1865; (nom. nud.), TL: ?
Episcada sylpha ; [BOW: pl. 45, f. 32]; [NL4A, #250]
-. See [About maps]
Ithomia ticidella Hewitson, 1869; Equat. Lepid. Buckley (2): 21, TL: Ecuador,St. Inéz
Ithomia ticidella ; Hewitson, 1871, Ill. exot. Butts [2] (Ithomia XXVIII-XXIX): [30], pl. [15], f. 183
Episcada ticidella ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #251]
Ecuador
Episcada ticidella ticidella ; [NL4A, #251a]
Peru
Episcada ticidella ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #251b]
Peru
Episcada ticidella ssp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #251c]
Brazil(Rio de Janeiro). See [About maps]
vitrea d'Almeida & Mielke, 1967; , TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
Episcada vitrea ; [NL4A, #252]
Peru. See [About maps]
Episcada sp. ; Lamas & Willmott, MS, [NL4A, #253]
Peru, Bolivia. See [About maps]
Episcada sp. ; Lamas, 1999, Butterflies of the world, 3: 6, pl. 14, f. 2 (Bolivia, Cochabamba, Chapare, Yungas del Palmar, 1000m)
13.11.2011 (15)
- References:
- [About maps]
- Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.
- [BCA]
- electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
- [BCR]
- DeVries, Philip J.; The Butterflies of Costa Rica; Vol. I: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae
- [BOA]
- Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
- [BOW]
- Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X
- [EBW]
- Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6
- [EcuL]
- Tommaso & Luigi Racheli, 2001; An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae); Fragmenta entomologica 33 (2): 213-380
- [ILMB]
- Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies
- [LAMAS-NEO]
- Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
- [NL4A]
- Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea
- [Wahlberg]
- Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group
- Some related literature:
- Bates, 1864
- New species of butterflies from Guatemala and Panama, collected by Osbert Salvin and F. du Cane Godman, Esqs.
Ent. mon. Mag. 1
(1): 1-6 (1864),
(2): 31-35 (1864),
(3): 55-59 (1864),
(4): 81-85 (1864),
(5): 113-116 (1864),
(6): 126-131 (1864),
(7): 161-164 (1864),
(8): 178-180 (1865),
(9): 202-205 (1865)
- Brevignon, 2003
- Inventaire des Ithomiinae de Guyane Française (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Lambillionea 103 (1): 41-58
- Fox, 1940
- A generic review of Ithomiinae (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Trans. amer. entomol. Soc. 66 (3)
: 161-207, pl. 5-8
- Godman & Salvin, [1879]
- Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. Vol. 1. (1879-1886)
Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop.
1: 1-487,
3: pl. 1-24,24a,25-112
- Godman & Salvin, [1901]
- Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901)
Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop.
2: 1-782,
3: pl. 1-112
- Hewitson, 1852; Hewitson, 1855
- Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson.
Ill. exot. Butts [1]
: (Systematic Index) I,
(Ornithoptera and Papilio): [1-2], pl. [1] (1855),
(Papilio II): [3-4], pl. [2] (1856),
(Papilio III): [5-6], pl. [3] (1858),
(Papilio IV): [7-8], pl. [4] (1859),
(Papilio V): [9-10], pl. [5] (1861),
(Papilio VI): [11-12], pl. [6] (1864),
(Papilio VII-VIII): [13-16], pl. [7-8] (1865),
(Papilio IX): [17-18], pl. [9] (1868),
(Papilio X-XII): [19-22], pl. [10-12] (1869),
(Papilio XIII): [23-24], pl. [13] (1873),
(Papilio XIV): [25-26], pl. [14] (1875),
(Papilio XV): [27-28], pl. [15] (1877),
(Pieris I): [29-30], pl. [16] (1852),
(Pieris II): [31-32], pl. [17] (1853),
(Pieris III-VI): [33-40], pl. [18-21] (1861),
(Pieris VII): [41-42], pl. [22] (1862),
(Pieris VIII): [43-44], pl. [23] (1866),
(Euterpe): [45-46], pl. [24] (1860),
(Euterpe II): [47-48], pl. [25] (1872),
(Euterpe and Leptalis): [49-50], pl. [26] (1853),
(Leptalis II): [51-52], pl. [27] (1857),
(Leptalis III): [53-54], pl. [28] (1858),
(Leptalis IV): [55-56], pl. [29] (1860),
(Leptalis V-VII): [57-62], pl. [30-32] (1870),
(Callidryas and Eronia): [63-64], pl. [33] (1867),
(Euploea): [65-66], pl. [34] (1858),
(Euploea II): [67-68], pl. [35] (1866),
(Heliconia I): [69-70], pl. [36] (1853),
(Heliconia II-III): [71-74], pl. [37-38] (1854),
(Heliconia IV): [75-76], pl. [39] (1858),
(Heliconia V): [77-78], pl. [40] (1867),
(Heliconia VI): [79-80], pl. [41] (1871),
(Heliconia and Tithorea VII): [81-82], pl. [42] (1873),
(Heliconia VIII): [83-84], pl. [43] (1875),
(Athesis): [85-86], pl. [44] (1872),
(Mechanitis I): [87-88], pl. [45] (1856),
(Mechanitis II-III): [89-92], pl. [46-47] (1860),
(Ithomia I): [93-94], pl. [48] (1851),
(Ithomia II): [95-96], pl. [49] (1852),
(Ithomia III): [97-98], pl. [50] (1853),
(Ithomia IV-V): [99-102], pl. [51-52] (1854),
(Ithomia VI-XIII): [103-118], pl. [53-60] (1855)
- Hewitson, 1868; Hewitson, 1871; Hewitson, 1876
- Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson
Ill. exot. Butts [2]
: (Systematic Index) II,
(Ithomia XIV): [1-2], pl. [1] (1855),
(Ithomia XV-XIX): [3-12], pl. [2-6] (1856),
(Ithomia XX): 13x,14x, [13-14] (1861), pl. [7] (1857),
(Ithomia XXI): 15x,16x, [15-16] (1861), pl. [8] (1858),
(Ithomia XXII): [17-18], pl. [9] (1859),
(Ithomia XXIII): [19-20], pl. [10] (1861),
(Ithomia XXIV): [21-22], pl. [11] (1863),
(Ithomia XXV): [23-24], pl. [12] (1867),
(Ithomia XXVI): [25-26], pl. [13] (1868),
(Ithomia XXVII): [27-28], pl. [14] (1869),
(Ithomia XXVIII-XXIX): [29-32], pl. [15-16] (1871),
(Ithomia XXX-XXXI): [33-36], pl. [17-18] (1872),
(Ithomia XXXII-XXXIII): [37-40], pl. [19-20], (1874) ,
(Ithomia XXXIV-XXXV): [41-44], pl. [21-22] (1876),
(Acraea I): [45-46], pl. [23] (1852),
(Acraea II): [47-48], pl. [24] (1861),
(Acraea III): [49-50], pl. [25] (1865),
(Acraea IV-V): [51-52], pl. [26-27] (1867),
(Acraea VI): [53-54], pl. [28] (1868),
(Acraea VII): [55-56], pl. [29] (1875),
(Messaras): [57-58], pl. [30] (1859),
(Eresia I): [59-60], pl. [31] (1852),
(Eresia II): [61-62], pl. [32] (1857),
(Eresia III-VI): [63-70], pl. [33-36] (1864),
(Eresia VII): [71-72], pl. [37] (1868),
(Eresia VIII-IX): [73-76], pl. [38-39] (1870),
(Eresia X): [77-78], pl. [40] (1872),
(Junonia): [79-80], pl. [41] (1864),
(Cybdelis I-II): [81-84], pl. [42-43] (1852),
(Cybdelis III): [85-86], pl. [44] (1857),
(Cybdelis IV): [87-88], pl. [45] (1869),
(Epiphile I): [89-90], pl. [46] (1857),
(Epiphile II & Paromia): [91-92], pl. [47] (1861),
(Eubagis I): [93-94], pl. [48] (1852),
(Eubagis II): [95-96], pl. [49] (1857),
(Eubagis III): [97-98], pl. [50] (1859),
(Catagramma I): [99-100], pl. [51] (1851),
(Catagramma II): [101-102], pl. [52] (1853),
(Catagramma III-V): [103-108], pl. [53-55] (1855),
(Catagramma VI): [109-110], pl. [56] (1857),
(Catagramma VII-VIII): [111-114], pl. [57-58] (1858),
(Catagramma IX and Callithea): [115-116], pl. [59] (1858),
(Catagramma X): [117-118], pl. [60] (1864),
(Catagramma XI-XII): [119-122], pl. [61-62] (1868),
(Catagramma XIII): [123-124], pl. [63] (1876),
: iv
- Hewitson, 1869
- Equatorial Lepidoptera collected by Mr Buckley
Equat. Lepid. Buckley
(1): 1-16,
(2): 17-32,
(3): 33-48,
(4): 49-80 (1870),
(5): 81-96 (1877)
- Lamas, 1999
- Nymphalidae II. Ithomiinae
Butterflies of the world, 3: 17pp, 16pls
- Schaus, 1902
- Descriptions of New American Butterflies
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 24 (1262)
: 383-460
If you have corrections, comments or
information to add into these pages, just send mail to
Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.