Danaus

Life

Insecta

Danainae

Danaus Kluk, 1780: Tigers Milkweeds Monarchs Queens
Danaus Kluk, 1780; Hist. nat. pocz. gospod. 4: 84, TS: Papilio plexippus Linnaeus
Danaida Latreille, 1804; Nouv. Dict. Hist. nat. 24 (6): 185, 199, TS: Papilio plexippus Linnaeus
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Limnas Hübner, [1806]; Tentamen determinationis digestionis ...: [1] (rej.), TS: Papilio chrysippus Linnaeus
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Danais Latreille, 1807; Mag. für Insektenkunde 6: 291, TS: Papilio plexippus Linnaeus
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Danaus Latreille, 1809; Genera Crust. Insect. 4: 201 (preocc. Kluk, 1780), TS: Papilio plexippus Linnaeus
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Anosia Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 16, TS: Papilio gilippus Cramer
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Festivus Crotch, 1872; Cist. ent. 1 : 62, TS: Papilio plexippus Linnaeus
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Salatura (Euploeinae)Moore, [1880]; Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 5, TS: Papilio genutia Cramer
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Nasuma Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 233, TS: Papilio ismare Cramer
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Tasitia Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 235, TS: Papilio gilippus Cramer
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Danaomorpha Kremky, 1925; Ann. zool. Mus. polon. Hist. nat. 4: 164, 167, TS: Papilio gilippus Cramer
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Panlymnas Bryk, 1937; in Strand, Lep. Cat. 28 (78): 56, TS: Papilio chrysippus Linnaeus
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Diogas d'Almeida, 1938; Papilio erippus, Cramer
= ; [NL4A, 171]

Danaus, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Salaturia ; Swinhoe, 1893, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1893 (3) : 268 (missp.)
Danais ; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 1
Danaus (Danaidae) ; [BRU, 10]
Danaus (Danaina) ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220; [Wahlberg]; [AfrL]; [NL4A, 171]; Brower, Wahlberg, Ogawa, Boppre & Vane-Wright, 2010, Syst. Biodiv. 8 (1): 84

Subgenus Danaus Kluk, 1780

Danaus Kluk, 1780; Hist. nat. pocz. gospod. 4: 84, TS: Papilio plexippus Linnaeus
Diogas d'Almeida, 1938; Papilio erippus, Cramer
Danaus, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Danaus ; [MWB, 201]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220

Danaus cleophile (Godart, 1819)

Haiti, Cuba, Jamaica. See [About maps] Danais cleophile Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 185, TL: [?Haiti]
Danaus (Danaus) cleophile ; [MWB: 201, pl. 15, f. 89, pl. VII, f. 59]
Danaus cleophile ; [BOW: pl. 48, f. 12]; [NL4A, #13]

Larva on Asclepias curassavica [MWB]

Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus, 1758)

NA, CA, SA, Canary Islands, Queensland?, New Guinea. See [About maps] Monarch Milkweed Common Tiger Wanderer Black Weined Brown
Papilio plexippus Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 471, TL: New York State, Kendall
?ab. bipunctata Dufrane, 1948; Bull. Soc. linn. Lyon 17 (10) : 192
?ab. disjuncta Dufrane, 1948; Bull. Soc. linn. Lyon 17 (10) : 192
?ab. obliterata Dufrane, 1948; Bull. Soc. linn. Lyon 17 (10) : 192
?Danaida plexippus f. connectens Moulton, 1921; J. fed. Malay. St. Mus. 10 (3) : 158, 175
Danaus plexippus, E.H. Strickland Ent. Mus, U of [ALBERTA]
Danaus plexippus plexippus, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Danaus plexippus plexippus, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Danaus plexippus, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Danaus plexippus, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Danaus plexippus, Larvae of North-European Lepidoptera [Kimmo Silvonen]
Danaus plexippus, Svenska fjärilar [SVF]
Danaus plexippus, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Danaus plexippus, Georgia Lepidoptera (USA) [GALEPS]
Danaus plexippus, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Danaus plexippus, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Danaus plexippus, Europaische Schmetterlinge [Mario Maier]
Danaus plexippus, Captain's European Butterfly Guide [Simon Coombes]
Danais plexippus ; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 1; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
Anosia plexippus ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 33
Danaus plexippus ; [NACL, #4614]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 20]; [BAUR, 170]; [BCR: 212, pl. 33]; [MRS, 269]; [BMAT: 105, pl. 32, f. 25 (seen once in 1988 in Morocco)]; [Opler]; [AfrL]; [NL4A, #17]; [Otakar Kudrna]
Danaus (Danaus) plexippus ; [MWB: 201, pl. 15, f. 90, pl. IX, f. 100, pl. XI, f. 134]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220

Misidentified/misapplied:: ?Danais archippus; Haensch, 1909, in Seitz, Grosschmett. Erde 5: 113

500x360 (~55Kb) upperside Millbridge, Plymouth, UK 13/10/95, Photo © Simon Coombes	357x500 (~50Kb) underside Millbridge, Plymouth, UK 13/10/95, Photo © Simon Coombes	1200x825 (~147Kb) upperside USA: Rest area on I15/I84 (41°28'01"N 112°03'11"W), Box Elder Co., Utah, 17.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela
800x535 (~64Kb) underside USA: Rest area on I15/I84 (41°28'01"N 112°03'11"W), Box Elder Co., Utah, 17.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	1404x1030 (~137Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 23.6.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny

Larva on Asclepias curassavica [H&R], Asclepias spp., Matelea [BCR], Apocynum androsaemifolium, Acerates spp., Araujia hortorum, A. sericifera, Asclepias amplexicaulis, A. cordifolia, A. curassavica, A. eriocarpa, A. exaltata, A. fascicularis, A. fruticosa, A. grandiflora, A. humistrata, A. incarnata, A. lanceolatum, A. mexicana, A. nitida, A. nivea, A. phytolaccoides, A. purpurascens, A. rotundifolia, A. rubra, A. semilunata, A. speciosa, A. sullivanti, A. syriaca, A. tomentosa, A. tuberosa, A. verticillata, Cynanchum dalhousieae, Ceropegia intermedia, Stephanotis floribunda, Raphistemma pulchellum, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Gomphocarpus arborescens, G. fruticosus, G. physocarpus, Gonolobus laevis, Gonolobus rostratus, Marsednia spp., Matelea reticulata, Oxypetalum coeruleum, Stapelia variegata, S. grandiflora, Ipomoea spp., Euphorbia mauretanica?, Gossypium arboreum?, Citrus spp. [MRS]

Larva on Asclepias curassavica, A. fruticosa, A. rotundifolia, A. semilunata, Calotropis gigantea, Staphelia grandiflora, S. variegata K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

Mimiced by Basilarchia archippus.

D. p. plexippus

New York, Colorado, Texas, Missouri, ... Papilio misippiformis Menschen, 1781; (unavail.), TL: "India"

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

Papilio archippus Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 49 (preocc. Cramer, 1776), TL: "S.Amer"

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

Danais archippus var. fumosus Hulst, 1886; Ent. Amer. 2 (9) : 182, TL: [New York]

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

Danais plexippus ab. pulchra Strecker, 1900; Lep. Rhopal. Het., Suppl. 3 : 21, TL: Colorado

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

Danaus menippe f. americanus Gunder, 1927; Ent. News. 38 (5) : 138, TL: Texas

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

Danaus menippe f. nivosus Gunder, 1927; (preocc. Godman & Salvin, 1897), TL: Missouri

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

curassavicae Bryk, 1937; (repl. name), TL: "S.Amer"

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

curassavicae (Fabricius, 1938) (Euploea); in Bryk, Systema Glossatorum: 69 (repl. name, preocc. Bryk, 1937), TL: "S.Amer"

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

Euploea asclepiadis Fabricius, 1938; in Bryk, Systema Glossatorum: 70 (repl. name), TL: [New York]

= ; [NL4A, #17a]

Danaus plexippus plexippus ; [NL4A, #17a]; [AfrL]

D. p. megalippe (Hübner, [1826])

Nicaragua - Peru, NE.Brazil, Venezuela, French Guiana, Surinam, Guyana, Trinidad, Tobago, Galapagos Anosia megalippe Hübner, [1826]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [7], f. 2
Danaus plexippus megalippe, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
Danaus (Danaus) plexippus megalippe ; [EcuL]
Danaus plexippus megalippe ; [NL4A, #17c]; Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 40, f. 12

Misidentified/misapplied:: Danais plexippus; Beebe, 1923, Zoologica 5: 55
Danaus plexippus; Linsley & Usinger, 1966, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 33: 157
Danaus plexippus; Roque, 1998, Noticias de Galápagos 59: 9
Danaus plexippus; Roque, 1998, Lep. News, 2: 10

Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Sarcostemma angustissima Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 40

D. p. leucogyne (Butler, 1884)

St. Thomas Anosia leucogyne Butler, 1884; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (75) : 183, TL: St. Thomas
Danaus plexippus leucogyne ; [NL4A, #17b]

D. p. nigrippus (Haensch, 1909)

Ecuador plexippus nigrippus (Haensch, 1909) (Danais); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 : 113, TL: "Nicaragua Südlich"
Danaus (Danaus) plexippus nigrippus ; [EcuL]
Danaus plexippus nigrippus ; [NL4A, #17d]

D. p. tobagi Clark, 1941

Tobago Danaus plexippus tobagi Clark, 1941; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 90 (3118) : 538, pl. 71, f. 3, TL: Scarborough Tobago
Danaus plexippus tobagi ; [NL4A, #17f]

D. p. portoricensis Clark, 1941

Puerto Rico Danaus plexippus portoricensis Clark, 1941; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 90 (3118) : 539, pl. 72, f. 3-4, TL: Ciales, Puerto Rico
Danaus plexippus portoricensis ; [NL4A, #17e]

Danaus erippus (Cramer, [1775])

Brazil(Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina), Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, S.Peru. See [About maps] Papilio erippus Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 4, pl. 3, f. A, B, TL: Brazil [?Rio de Janeiro]
Limnas plexippe Hübner, [1812]; (emend.)
Anosia menippe Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 16 (repl. name), TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #15]

Anosia erippe Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 16 (emend.)

= ; [NL4A, #15]

synippe (Hübner, 1821) (Anosia); (repl. name), TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #15]

Danais archippus var. brasiliensis Capronnier, 1874; Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 17 : 22 (nom. nud.), TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro; Santa Catarina

= ; [NL4A, #15]

vulgaris (Larrañaga, 1923) (Papilio); , TL: Uruguay

= ; [NL4A, #15]

Danais erippus ab. larensis Köhler, 1929; Rev. Soc. Ent. Arg. 2 : 311, pl. 1, f. 1, TL: Argentina

= ; [NL4A, #15]

Danaus (Danaus) erippus ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2): 93; [MWB: 204, pl. 15, f. 91]
Danaus erippus ; [NL4A, #15]

Larva on Araujia sericifera, A. hortorum, Asclepias curassavica, Morrenia odorata, Oxypetalum coeruleum [MWB]

Subgenus Salatura Moore, [1880]

Salatura Moore, [1880]; Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 5, TS: Papilio genutia Cramer
Nasuma Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 233, TS: Papilio ismare Cramer
Salatura ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220; [MWB, 204]

Danaus ismare (Cramer, [1780])

Moluccas, Celebes. See [About maps] Papilio ismare Cramer, [1780]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (23-24): 156, pl. 279, f. E, F, TL: S.Moluccas, Ambon
Nasuda celebensis Rothschild, 1892; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 5 (2) : 431, pl. 4, f. 4, TL: S.Celebes
Danaus ismare, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Danaus ismare ; [BOW: pl. 153, f. 17]; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) ismare ; [MWB: 205, pl. 15, f. 92, pl. 16, f. 93]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220

D. i. ismare

Moluccas Danaus ismare ismare ; [BAUR, 172 (text)]

D. i. fulvus Ribbe, 1889

SE.Sulawesi, Bangka I., Bangai group, Talaud, Sangir Danaus ismare var. fulvus Ribbe, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (2) : 220, TL: Celebes
Danaus ismare fulvus ; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) ismare fulvus ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220

D. i. felicia (Fruhstorfer, 1907)

Buru, Obi Danaida ismare felicia Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 185, TL: Obi
Danaus ismare felicia ; [BAUR, 172]

D. i. ismareola (Butler, 1866)

Halmahera, Ternate, Bachan? Danais ismareola Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1) : 50, TL: Ternate
Danaus ismare ismareola ; [BAUR, 172 (text)]

D. i. goramica (Fruhstorfer, 1907)

Goram I. Danaida ismare goramica Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 185, TL: Goram
Danaus ismare goramica ; [BAUR, 172 (text)]

D. i. alba (Morishita, 1981)

N.Sulawesi, Sangihe, Talaus ismare alba (Morishita, 1981) (Anosia); Memoirs of the Tsukada Collection, (3): 10
Danaus (Salatura) ismare alba ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220

D. i. ssp.

Banggai Danaus (Salatura) ismare ssp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

Danaus genutia (Cramer, [1779])

Afghanistan, Kashmir - China, Australia. See [About maps] Common Tiger Indian Monarch Orange Tiger
Papilio genutia Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 23, pl. 206, f. C, D, TL: China, Canton
Danaus nipalensis Moore, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115) : 43, TL: Katmandu, Nepal
tuak Pryer & Cator, 1894²
Danais (Salatura) plexippus f. uniens Martin, 1911; Mitt. Münch. Ges. 2 (1-2) : 6
Danais (Salatura) plexippus f. bandjira Martin, 1911; Mitt. Münch. Ges. 2 (1-2) : 7
Danais (Salatura) plexippus f. bimana Martin, 1911; Mitt. Münch. Ges. 2 (1-2) : 8
Danaida plexippus plexippus f. grynion Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 173, TL: S.Annam; Sikkim
Salatura plexippus adnana Swinhoe, 1917; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 19 (112): 331, TL: Luzon
Danaus plexippus plexippus f. albipars Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 126, TL: Sikkim; Burma
sumbana Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 127, TL: Sumba
Danaus genutia, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Danaus genutia genutia, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Danaus genutia, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Salatura nipalensis ; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1 : 48, pl. 10, f. 2, 2a
Salatura genutia ; Moore, [1880], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 6, pl. 4, f. 2, 2a; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1 : 45, pl. 10, f. 1, 1a-c
Danaus genutia ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 153, f. 5]; [BOR, 203]; [MRS, 270]
Danaus (Salatura) genutia ; [MWB: 205, pl. 16, f. 94-96, pl. IX, f. 99]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

986x946 (~113Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Si Racha environs, the Chan-ta-Then River valley at lower reaches, 14th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

975x756 (~98Kb) upperside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Si Racha environs, the Chan-ta-Then River valley at lower reaches, 14th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

1011x918 (~109Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Si Racha environs, the Chan-ta-Then River valley at lower reaches, 14th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Larva on Asclepiadaceae [BHR], Cynanchum langysuense, C. formosana, C. taiwanianum, Metaplexis japonica, Asclepias curassavica, Ceropegia intermedia, Cynanchum dalhousiae, C. liukiuensis, Graphistemma pictum, Gymnema spp., Marsdenia tinctoria, M. tomentosa, Pergularia odoratissima, Raphistemma pulchellum, R. lemma, Stephanotis floribunda, Tylophora cissoides, T. tanakae [MRS]

D. g. genutia

India - China, Ceylon, Andamans, Nicobars, Peninsular Malaya, Thailand, Langkawi, Singapore, Indo-China, Taiwan, Hainan Salatura genutia genutia
Salatura genutia genutia ; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4) : 64
Danaus genutia genutia ; [BOR, 203]
Danaus (Salatura) genutia genutia ; [BMP: 104, pl. 11, f. 3]

Larva on Raphistemma pulchellum [BMP]

D. g. sumatrana (Moore, 1883)

W.Sumatra, NE.Sumatra Salatura sumatrana Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 242, TL: Sumatra
Danaus genutia sumatrana ; [BOR, 203]

D. g. intermedia (Moore, 1883)

Salatura intermedia Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 241, TL: Malacca, Singapore
Danaus (Salatura) genutia genutia f. intermedius ; [BMP: 104, pl. 11, f. 4]

787x641 (~137Kb) upperside male Thailand, Phang Nga Province, a hill at Khao Khuan Kha, 5 km NE Khok Kloi, a primary forest. 23rd February 2009, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

1057x849 (~187Kb) underside male Thailand, Phang Nga Province, a hill at Khao Khuan Kha, 5 km NE Khok Kloi, a primary forest. 23rd February 2009, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

1236x890 (~238Kb) underside male Thailand, Phuket, Kathu Waterfalls, 25th February 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

D. g. conspicua (Butler, 1866)

S.Sulawesi Danais conspicua Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1) : 49, pl. 4, f. 2, TL: Celebes
Danaus genutia conspicua ; [BOR, 203]

D. g. niasicus (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Nias Salatura plexippus niasicus Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5) : 36, TL: Nias
Salatura plexippus niasicus Fruhstorfer, 1900; Stettin ent. Ztg 60 (10-12) : 348, TL: Nias
Danaus genutia niasicus ; [BOR, 203 (note)]

D. g. intensa (Moore, 1883)

Java, Bali, Bawean, Borneo Salatura intensa Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 240, TL: Java
Danaida plexippus intensa ; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 116
Danaus genutia intensa ; [BOR, 203 (note)]

D. g. partita (Fruhstorfer, 1897)

Lesser Sunda Danais (Salatura) genutia partita Fruhstorfer, 1897; Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (1/2) : 119, TL: Sumba
Danaus genutia partita ; [BOR, 203 (note)]

D. g. leucoglene (C. & R. Felder, 1865)

N.Sulawesi Danais leucoglene C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 347, pl. 43, f. 2
Danaus genutia leucoglene ; [BOR, 203 (note)]
Danaus (Salatura) genutia leucoglene ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. g. tychius (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Selajar genutia tychius (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 195
Danaus genutia tychius ; [BOR, 203 (note)]
Danaus (Salatura) genutia tychius ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. g. telmissus (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Butong I. genutia telmissus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 195
Danaus genutia telmissus ; [BOR, 203 (note)]
Danaus (Salatura) genutia telmissus ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. g. wetterensis (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Wetar I., Timor Salatura plexippus wetterensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Wetter I.
Salatura plexippus wetterensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 68, TL: Wetter I.
Danaus genutia wetterensis ; [BAUR, 170]

D. g. laratensis (Butler, 1883)

Tanimbar I. Salatura laratensis Butler, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 : 367, pl. 38, f. 5, TL: Larat I.
Danaus genutia laratensis ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. g. kyllene (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Damar I., Kai I. genutia kyllene (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 195 [?]
Danaus genutia kyllene ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. g. alexis (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914)

Northern Territory - NW.Australia Danaida alexis Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914; Butts Australia: 17, f. 3
Danaus genutia alexis ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. g. ssp.

Tukangbesi Danaus (Salatura) genutia ssp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

Danaus affinis (Fabricius, 1775)

-. See [About maps] Black & White Tiger
Papilio affinis Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 511, no. 291, TL: Australia
Papilio philene Stoll, [1782]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (32-32): 168, pl. 375, f. A, B, TL: S.Moluccas, Ambon
Euploea chionippe Hübner, [1823]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [6], f. 1-4, TL: Philippines
Danais cecilia Bougainville, 1837; Voy. Theteis 2: 342, pl. 44, f. 1
Danais pullata Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1) : 47, TL: Dory
Danais nubila Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2) : 171, TL: Gilolo
Danais insolata Butler, 1870; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 5 (29) : 360, TL: Solomon Is.
Salatura mysolica Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 242, TL: Misol
Salatura nigrita Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 243, TL: Australia
Danaus vorkeinus Röber, 1886; Corr.-Bl. Ent. Ver. Iris 1 (3) : 46, pl. 2, f. 1, TL: Aru
Danais (Salatura) litoralis Doherty, 1891; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (2) : 164, pl. 2, f. 4, TL: Sumba
Salatura plexippus batjana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Batjan
Salatura plexippus batjana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 69, TL: Batjan
Salatura affinis sangira Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Sangir
Salatura affinis sangira Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 69, TL: Sangir
Salatura affinis tambora Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Tambora, Sumbawa
Salatura affinis tambora Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 70, TL: Sumbawa
Salatura philene pseudophilene Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 164, TL: Sorrong, New Guinea
Salatura philene woodlarkiana Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 164, 195, TL: Woodlark I.
Salatura philene obscura f. luxurians Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 167, TL: Waigiu
Salatura philene rubrica Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 167, TL: Palau I.
Salatura affinis coriacea Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 168, 200, TL: Alor
Danaida philene transfuga Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 193 (nom. nov.), TL: "Batjan" ?
Danaida philene philene f. luxurians Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 193, TL: Amboina
Danaida philene subnubila Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 193, TL: Ternate
Danaida philene oros Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 194, TL: Obi
Danaida philene pseudophilene f. luxurians Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 195, TL: Andai
Danais affinis taroena van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13) : 208
Salatura affinis nora Swinhoe, 1917; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 20 (116) : 157, TL: Kiriwini I., Trobriand group
Salatura affinis olga Swinhoe, 1917; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 20 (116) : 157, TL: New Britain
Danaida affinis artenice ab. piepersi Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 78
Danaida affinis artenice ab. snelleni Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 78
Danaida affinis vandeldeni Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 78, TL: Kangean
paradoxa (Röber, 1939) (Danaida); Ent. Rundschau 56 (32) : 357, TL: Fiji
fuscata Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 127
signata (Talbot, 1943) (Danus); Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 128
oesypera Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 128
kapaura Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 130
jimiensis Miller & Miller, 1978; Bull. Allyn Mus. 49: 14
Danaus affinis, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Danaus affinis, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Danaida philene obscura f. luxurians ; Fruhstorfer, 1907, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 194
Danaus philene ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 153, f. 23]
Danaus affinis ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 153, f. 8-9]; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) affinis ; [MWB: 206, pl. 16, f. 97, 98, pl. 17, f. 99-103, pl. VII, f. 53, pl. IX, f. 97, pl. X, f. 132]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

Larva on Ischnostemma selangorica, Tylophora sp., Vincetoxicum carnosum [MWB], Cynanchum carnosum, C. ovalifolium K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140), Cynanchum, Heterostemma, Ischnostemma, Tylophora, Vincetoxicum Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. affinis

N.Queensland - Richmond River, New South Wales Danaus affinis affinis ; [BAUR, 171]

D. a. malayana (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Thailand, Peninsular Malaya, Nicobars Salatura affinis malayana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 35, TL: Wellesley, Malay Peninsula
Salatura affinis malayana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 70, TL: Malaysia
Danaus affinis malayana, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Salatura affinis malayana ; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4) : 64
Danaus affinis malayana ; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) affinis malayanus ; [BMP: 104, pl. 11, f. 6-7]

Larva on Ischnostemma selangorica [BMP]

D. a. fulgurata (Butler, 1866)

Sulawesi, Bangka I., Sangihe (Siao) Danais fulgurata Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1) : 48, pl. 4, f. 1, TL: Celebes
Danaus affinis fulgurata ; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) affinis fulgurata ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. hegesippinus Röber, 1891

Bonerate Danaus affinis var. hegesippinus Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 292
Danaus (Salatura) affinis hegesippinus ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. decentralis (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Sula, Banggai Salatura affinis decentralis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Sula; Bangkai
Salatura affinis decentralis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 69, TL: Sula; Bangkai
Danaus affinis decentralis ; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) affinis decentralis ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

D. a. taruna (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Sangihe (Sangihe), Kawio Salatura affinis taruna Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Taruna, Talaut I.
Salatura affinis taruna Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 69, TL: Taruna, Talaut I.
Danaus affinis taruna ; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) affinis taruna ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. affinoides (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

Talaud Is. Salatura affinis affinoides Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 35, TL: Talaut I.
Salatura affinis affinoides Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 70
Danaus affinis affinoides ; [BOR, 204]
Danaus (Salatura) affinis affinoides ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. abigar (Eschscholtz, 1821)

Philippines Idea abigar Eschscholtz, 1821; in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 209, pl. 7, f. 12a, b
?Danais abigar fulginosa Hagen, 1896; Jahrb. Nass. Nat. 49 : 183
Danaus affinis abigar ; [BOR, 204]

D. a. wentholti (Martin, 1914)

Salayra Danais (Salatrua) affinis wentholti Martin, 1914; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 28 (2): 90
Danaus (Salatura) affinis wentholti ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. gelanor (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914)

Darnley I. affinis gelanor (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914); Butts Australia: 17, pl. 1
Danaida gelanor Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914
Danaus philene gelanor ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. a. djampeana (van Eecke, 1915)

Tanahjampea Danais affinis djampeana van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13) : 208, TL: Tanah-Djampea
Danaus (Salatura) affinis djampeana ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. albistriga Talbot, 1943

New Caledonia?, Loyalty Is., Lifu, New Hebrides affinis albistriga Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 129
Danaus affinis albistriga ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. bipuncta Talbot, 1943

Vitu I, New Britain? affinis bipuncta Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 129
Danaus affinis bipuncta ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. cometho Godman & Salvin, 1888

Solomon Is. Danais cometho Godman & Salvin, 1888; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 1 (2): 90, TL: Solomon Is.
Danaus affinis cometho ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. galacterion (Fruhstorfer, 1907)

Fergusson, Trobriand, West Irian Salatura affinis galacterion Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 167, TL: Fergusson I.
Salatura affinis strephon Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 168, TL: "Etnabai", New Guinea
Danaus affinis galacterion ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. tualana Talbot, 1943

Kai I., Tanimbar affinis tualana Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 131
Danaus affinis tualana ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. aruana (Moore, 1883)

Aru Salatura aruana Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 243
Salatura affinis arruana[sic] ; Fruhstorfer, 1899, Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 71 (missp.)
Danaus affinis aruana ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. leucippus Röber, 1891

Timor, Wetar Danaus affinis var. leucippus Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 293
Danaus affinis leucippus ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

?D. a. ferruginea (Butler, 1876)

Papua, Yule I. Danais ferruginea Butler, 1876; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 18 (105) : 240, TL: New Guinea
Salatura philene molyssa Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 165, TL: "Collingwoodbai"
Danaus ferruginea ; [BOW: pl. 153, f. 14]
Danaus philene ferruginea ; [BAUR, 170]

D. a. obscura (Capronnier, 1886)

Waigeu, Kapaur, West Irian (Fakfak) Danais philene var. obscura Capronnier, 1886; Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 30 : 4, TL: Waigeu
Danaus philene obscura ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. a. subnigra (Joicey & Talbot, 1922)

Noemfoor, Biak Danaida mytilene subnigra Joicey & Talbot, 1922; Bull. Hill Mus. 1 (2) : 350, TL: Biak, Schouten Is.
Danaus philene subnigra ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. a. jobiensis (Grose-Smith, 1894)

Jobi, Roon Is. Salatura mytilene jobiensis Grose-Smith, 1894; Novit. zool. 1 (2): 339, TL: Ron
Danaida mytilene pittakus Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 196, TL: ?
Danaus philene jobiensis ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. a. mytilene (C. & R. Felder, 1860)

West Irian Danais mytilene C. & R. Felder, 1860; Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (8): 232, TL: New Guinea
Danaus philene mytilene ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

?D. a. bonguensis (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

NE.New Guinea Salatura mytilene bonguensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Bongu
Salatura mytilene bonguensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 68, TL: German New Guinea
Danaus philene bonguensis ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. a. sabrona Talbot, 1943

West Irian affinis sabrona Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 128, TL: New Guinea
Danaus philene sabrona ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

D. a. pleistarchus (Fruhstorfer, 1912)

Matty Is., New Guinea Danaida philene pleistarchus Fruhstorfer, 1912; Ent. Rundschau 29 (5) : 34, TL: Matty I.
Danaus philene pleistarchus ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

?D. a. biseriata (Butler, 1882)

New Britain, New Ireland, Duke of York Salatura biseriata Butler, 1882; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10 (55): 37, TL: Duke-of-York
Danais adustus Godman & Salvin, 1882; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 : 755, TL: New Ireland
Danaus philene biseriata ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

?D. a. kiriwina (Fruhstorfer, 1907)

Trobriand Is. Salatura mytilene kiriwina Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 165, TL: Kiriwina
Danaus philene kiriwina ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]

?D. a. fergussonia (Fruhstorfer, 1907)

Fergusson I. Salatura mytilene fergussonia Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 166, 196, TL: Fergusson I.
Danaus philene fergussonia ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

?D. a. decipientis (Strand, 1914)

Admiralty Group Danaida mytilene decipientis Strand, 1914; Lepid. Niepeltiana (1) : 25, TL: Admiralty Islands
Danaus philene decipientis ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. decipiens (Butler, 1882)

Solomon Is. Salatura decipiens Butler, 1882; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10 (55): 37, TL: Solomon Islands
Danaus philene decipiens ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

?D. a. albonotata Howarth, 1962

Somomons (Rennell Is., Bellona Is.) affinis albonotata Howarth, 1962; The Natural History of the Rennel and Bellona Is. (4) : 65
Danaus philene albonotata ; [BAUR, 171 (text)]

D. a. ssp.

Tukangbesi Danaus (Salatura) affinis ssp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

D. a. ssp.

Kabaena Danaus (Salatura) affinis ssp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

Danaus melanippus (Cramer, [1777])

Bengal - Burma, Orissa, Assam, Celebes. See [About maps] Common Tiger White Tiger Eastern Common Tiger
Papilio melanippus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 44, pl. 127, f. A, B, TL: [Java]
Hestia thoe Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 15
Danaus ismare var. erebus Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 290, TL: Flores
Danais (Nasuma) taimanu Doherty, 1891; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (2) : 165, TL: Taimanu; Mandas, Sumba
Danais fruhstorferi Röber, 1897; Ent. Nachr. 23 (7) : 100, TL: Toli-Toli
Salatura melanippus malossona Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34, TL: Molosso nr. Toli-Toli
Salatura melanippus malossona Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 68, TL: Toli-Toli, N.Celebes
Danaida lotis f. philozigetes Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 187 (nom. nov.), TL: Mindanao, Sarangani
mezentius (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 197
insularis (Moulton, 1921) (Danaida); J. fed. Malay. St. Mus. 10 (3) : 176
albescens (Röber, 1927) (Danaida); Int. ent. Zs. 21 (13): 98, TL: Palawan
camorta (Evans, 1932) (Danais); Indian Butterflies (edn. 2): 32, TL: Nikobars
Danaus melanippus ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 153, f. 21-22]; [BOR, 202]; [MRS, 271]
Danaus (Salatura) melanippus ; [MWB: 207, pl. 17, f. 104, pl. 18, f. 105-107, pl. IX, f. 89, pl. X, f. 116]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

Larva on Ageratum conyzoides, Wedelia biflora, Lantana spp. [MRS], Gymnema, Tylophora Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

D. m. melanippus

Java Danaus melanippus melanippus ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. hegesippus (Cramer, [1777])

Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra, Bangka, Belitung Papilio hegesippus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 128, pl. 180, f. A, TL: Sumatra
Danaus melanippus hegesippus, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Salatura hegesippus ; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1 : 29, pl. 11, f. 1, 1a-b
Danaus melanippus hegesippus ; [BOR, 202]
Danaus (Salatura) melanippus hegesippus ; [BMP: 104, pl. 11, f. 5]

D. m. indicus (Fruhstorfer, 1899)

E.India - Thailand, Indo-China Salatura melanippus indicus Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 75 (nom. nov.), TL: W.Burma
Salatura melanippus indicus ; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4) : 64
Danaus melanippus indicus ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. lotina (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Natuna Is. Salatura melanippus hegesippus ab. lotina Fruhstorfer, 1904; Berl. ent. Zs. 49 (1/2) : 186, TL: Natuna Is.
Danaus melanippus lotina ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. haruhasa Doherty, 1891

Sumbawa - Alor Danais (Nasuma) haruhasa Doherty, 1891; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (2) : 165, TL: Sambawa, 1000-2500ft
Danaus melanippus haruhasa ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. edmondii (Bougainville, 1837)

Philippines Danais edmondii Bougainville, 1837; Voy. Theteis 2: 344, pl. 44, f. 3, TL: Philippines
Danaus lotis edmondi ; Murayama, 1957
Danaus melanippus edmondii ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. celebensis (Staudinger, 1889)

N.Sulawesi Danais (Anosia) lotis var. celebensis Staudinger, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 28, TL: Celebes
Danaus melanippus celebensis ; [BOR, 202]
Danaus (Salatura) melanippus celebensis ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

D. m. meridionigra Martin, [1914]

C.Sulawesi Danais (Salatura) lotis meridionigra Martin, [1914]; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 27 (4) : 154, TL: Celebes
Danaus (Salatura) melanippus meridionigra ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

D. m. kotoshonis Matsumura, 1929

Taiwan Danais ismare kotoshonis Matsumura, 1929; Insecta Matsumurana 3 (2/3) : 91, TL: Formosa
Danaus melanippus kotoshonis ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. edwardi (van Eecke, 1914)

Simeulue Danais melanippus var.? edwardi van Eecke, 1914; Notes Leyden Mus. 36 : 51, TL: Sibigo, Simalur
Danais melanippus edwardi ; van Eecke, 1914, Notes Leyden Mus. 36 : 222, pl. 4, f. 2
Danaus melanippus edwardi ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. keteus (Hagen, 1898)

Mentawai Danais (Salatura) keteus Hagen, 1898; Ent. Nachr. 24 (13) : 194, TL: Mentawej
Salatura keteus Hagen, 1902; Abh. Senckenb. Nat. Ges. 20 : 323, pl. 1, f. 3, TL: Mentawej
Danaus melanippus keteus ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. nesippus (Felder, 1862)

Nicobars Danais nesippus Felder, 1862; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 12 (1/2) : 486, TL: Nicobars
Salatura nesippus ; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1 : 50, pl. 11, f. 2, 2a-b
Danaus melanippus nesippus ; [BOR, 202]

D. m. umbrosus Fruhstorfer, 1906

Pualu Tello Danais plexippus umbrosus Fruhstorfer, 1906; Ent Zs. 20 (15): 98, TL: Batu I.
Danais plexippus umbrosus Fruhstorfer, 1906; Ent. Zs. 20 (21): 145, TL: Batu I.
Danaus melanippus umbrosus ; [BOR, 203]

D. m. eurydice (Butler, 1884)

Nias Salatura eurydice Butler, 1884; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (73) : 58, TL: Nias
Danaus melanippus eurydice ; [BOR, 203]

D. m. pietersi (Doherty, 1891)

Enggano melanippus pietersi (Doherty, 1891) (Danais); J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (1) : 23, pl. 1, f. 1, TL: Engano
Danaus melanippus pietersi ; [BOR, 203]

D. m. lotis (Cramer, [1779])

Borneo - Philippines Papilio lotis Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 65, pl. 230, f. D, E (preocc. Papilio lotis Sulzer, 1776)
Danaus lotis ; [BOW: pl. 153, f. 20]
Danaus melanippus lotis ; [MRS, 271]

Subgenus Anosia Hübner, 1816

Anosia Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 16, TS: Papilio gilippus Cramer
Limnas Hübner, [1806]; Tentamen determinationis digestionis ...: [1] (rej.), TS: Papilio chrysippus Linnaeus
Tasitia Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 235, TS: Papilio gilippus Cramer
Danaomorpha Kremky, 1925; Ann. zool. Mus. polon. Hist. nat. 4: 164, 167, TS: Papilio gilippus Cramer
Panlymnas Bryk, 1937; in Strand, Lep. Cat. 28 (78): 56 (repl. for Limnas Hübner), TS: Papilio chrysippus Linnaeus
Anosia ; [MWB, 207]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

Danaus eresimus (Cramer, [1777])

S.Texas, CA - Amazon Basin, West Indies. See [About maps] Tropic Queen Soldier
Papilio eresimus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 121, pl. 175, f. G, H, TL: Surinam
?eresime (Godart, 1819)
Danaus eresimus, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Danais eresimus ; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
Danaus eresimus ; [NACL, #4616]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 18]; [Opler]
Danaus (Anosia) eresimus ; [MWB: 208, pl. 18, f. 108]; [EcuL]
Danaus eresimus ; [NL4A, #14]

588x543 (~45Kb) Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Calotropis procera, Cynanchum undatum, C. unifarium, Spigelia anthelmia [MWB]

D. e. eresimus

Surinam asclepidea Bryk, 1937; (nom. nud.)

= ; [NL4A, #14a]

asclepidea (Fabricius, 1938) (Euploea); in Bryk, Systema Glossatorum: 72 (repl. name), TL: Surinam

= ; [NL4A, #14a]

Danaus eresimus eresimus ; [NL4A, #14a]

D. e. plexaure (Godart, 1819)

E.Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, N.Argentina, E.Bolivia Danais plexaure Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 184, TL: Brazil [?Rio de Janeiro]
Danaus plexaure ; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 19 (text only)]
Danaus (Anosia) plexaure ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2): 93; [MWB: 208, pl. 18, f. 109]
?Danaus plexippus plexaure ;
Danaus eresimus plexaure ; [NL4A, #14g]

Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Rouliniella fluminensis [MWB]

D. e. erginus (Godman & Salvin, 1897)

Peru Danais erginus Godman & Salvin, 1897; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2) : 241, TL: Peruvia septentrionalis, Payta; Viña
Danais gilippus var. icensis Fuchs, 1954; , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #14c]

Danaus eresimus erginus ; [NL4A, #14c]

D. e. dilucida Forbes, 1939

Brazil(Pará) eresimus dilucida Forbes, 1939; Ent. Am. (N.S.) 19: 136, TL: Brazil, Pará
Danaus eresimus dilucida ; [NL4A, #14b]

D. e. estevana Talbot, 1943

Venezuela eresimus estevana Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 119, TL: Venezuela
Danaus eresimus estevana ; [NL4A, #14d]

D. e. montezuma Talbot, 1943

Costa Rica, Panama, Guatemala, Mexico eresimus montezuma Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 120, TL: Mexico, Veracruz
nephele Forbes, [1944]; (nom. nud.)

= ; [NL4A, #14f]

Anosia eresimus ares d'Almeida, 1944; Papéis av. dep. zool. S.Paulo 4: 46, TL: [Guatemala]

= ; [NL4A, #14f]

Danaus eresimus montezuma, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Danaus eresimus montezuma, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Danaus eresimus montezuma, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Danaus eresimus montezuma ; [NACL, #4616a]; [BCR: 212, pl. 33]; [NL4A, #14f]

Larva on Asclepias, Calotropis, Cynanchum, Spigelia [BCR]

D. e. tethys Forbes, [1944]

Haiti eresimus tethys Forbes, [1944]; J. N.Y. ent. Soc. 51 (4) : 301, TL: Haiti
Danaus eresimus tethys ; [NACL, #4616b]; [NL4A, #14h]

D. e. ssp.

Peru Danaus eresimus ssp. ; Lamas, MS, [NL4A, #14i]

Danaus gilippus (Cramer, [1775])

S.California, Kansas, Texas, Florida, NA.Georgia, CA, SA. See [About maps] Queen
Papilio gilippus Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 41, pl. 26, f. E, F [?C, D, TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
Danaus gilippus, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Danaus gilippus, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
D. gilippus, Georgia Lepidoptera (USA) [GALEPS]
Danaus gilippus ; [NACL, #4615]; [EBW]; [NL4A, #16]; [BOW: pl. 12, f. 19]; [Opler]; [NL4A, #16]
Danaus (Anosia) gilippus ; [MWB: 208, pl. 18, f. 110, pl. 19, f. 111, pl. VII, f. 58]

1000x770 (~73Kb) larva USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia, "Butterlfy garden", Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 2.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

Larva on Nerium sp., Asclepias amplexicaulis, A. curassavica, Asclepias erosa, A. humistrata, A. incarnata, A. nivea?, A. tuberosa rolfsii, Calotropis procera, Funastrum lineare heterophyllum, Gonolobus sp., Ibatia quinquelobata, Oxypetalum sp., Philibertia heterophylla, P. linearis, Sarcostemma sp., S. cynanchoides hartwegii?, S. hirtellum, Stapelia sp., Vincetoxicum sp. [MWB]

D. g. gilippus

Brazil(Rio de Janeiro, ...) Anosia vincedoxici Hübner, [1816]; (repl. name), TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #16a]

Limnas vincetoxici Hübner, [1816]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 1 : 1, : pl. [23], TL: [Brazil]

= ; [NL4A, #16a]

manuja (Eschscholtz, 1821) (Idea); in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 209, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #16a]

Danaus (Anosia) gilippus gilippus ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2): 93
Danaus gilippus gilippus ; [NL4A, #16a]

D. g. berenice (Cramer, [1779])

Papilio berenice Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): pl. 205, f. E, TL: "Jamaica"
Danais berenice ; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 3; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
Anosia berenice ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 33
Danaus gilippus berenice ; [NACL, #4615a]; [NL4A, #16b]

D. g. cleothera (Godart, 1819)

Dominican Republic Danais cleothera Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 185, TL: "Timor"
Danais kaempfferi Hall, 1925; , TL: Dominican Republic

= ; [NL4A, #16d]

Danais cleothera ; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 3; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
Danaus cleothera ; [EBW, (name only)]
Danaus gilippus cleothera ; [NL4A, #16d]

D. g. xanthippus (C. & R. Felder, 1860)

Venezuela Danais xanthippus C. & R. Felder, 1860; Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (4): 100, TL: "Brasil"
Danaida hermippus centralis Joicey & Talbot, 1925; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 16 (96) : 641, TL: Venezuela

= ; [NL4A, #16j]

Danaus gilippus xanthippus ; [NL4A, #16j]

D. g. thersippus (Bates, 1863)

S.USA, Mexico - Panama, Guatemala, Galapagos Danais thersippus Bates, 1863; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1863 : 243, TL: Panama
Danais strigosa Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (2): 32, TL: Guatemala

= ; [NL4A, #16h]

Danais berenice var. esperanza Hoffmann, 1924; , TL: Mexico,Veracruz

= ; [NL4A, #16h]

Danaus berenice ab. kerri Comstock, 1925; Bull. Soc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 24 (1): 3, TL: California

= ; [NL4A, #16h]

Anosia berenice f. gilippina Hoffmann, 1940; Ann. Inst. Biol. Mex. 11: 277, TL: Mexico, Colima

= ; [NL4A, #16h]

Danaus gilippus thersippus, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Danaus gilippus thersippus, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Danaus gilippus strigosus, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Anosia berenice strigosa ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 33
Danaus gilippus strigosus ; [NACL, #4615b]
Danaus gilippus thersippus ; [BCR: 212, pl. 33]; Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 38, f. 11; [NL4A, #16h]

Misidentified/misapplied:: Danaus gilippus; Parkin, Parkin, Ewing & Ford, 1972, Pan-Pac. Entomol. 48 (2): 103
Danaus gilippus; Linsley, 1977, Occ. Pap. Cal. Acad. Sci. 125: 29

1000x1300 (~208Kb) underside USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 2.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

Larva on Asclepias, Sarcostemma [BCR], Sarcostemma angustissima, Asclepias curassavica Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 38

D. g. jamaicensis (Bates, 1864)

Jamaica Danais jamaicensis Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (2): 33, TL: Jamaica
Danaus gilippus jamaicensis ; [NL4A, #16f]

D. g. hermippus (C. & R. Felder, 1865)

Colombia Danais hermippus C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 348, TL: Colombia
Danais hermippus Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2) : 171 (preocc. C. & R. Felder, 1865), TL: Colombia

= ; [NL4A, #16e]

Danaus gilippus hermippus ; [NL4A, #16e]

D. g. nivosus (Godman & Salvin, 1897)

Peru Danais nivosus Godman & Salvin, 1897; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2) : 241, TL: Peruvia septentrionalis, Viña; Cormille
Danaus (Anosia) gilippus nivosus ; [EcuL]
Danaus gilippus nivosus ; [NL4A, #16g]

D. g. candidus Clark, 1941

Peru Danaus candidus Clark, 1941; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 90 (3118) : 541, pl. 72, f. 1-2, TL: near Cuzco, Peru
Danaus? gilippus var. rödingeri Fuchs, 1954; , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #16c]

Danaus gilippus candidus ; [NL4A, #16c]

D. g. wheeleri Talbot, 1943

Colombia gilippus wheeleri Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 119, TL: "Interior of Colombia"
Danaus (Anosia) gilippus wheeleri ; [EcuL]
Danaus gilippus wheeleri ; [NL4A, #16i]

D. g. ssp.

Grenada Danaus gilippus ssp. ; Lamas, MS, [NL4A, #16k]

Danaus × yuchingkini (Murayama & Shimonoya, 1963)

Salatura yuchingkini Murayama & Shimonoya, 1963; Tyô to Ga 13 (3): 51, f. 6, 9, TL: Poli, Formosa
Danaus chrysippus × genutia ; Kurosawa, 1973, Tyô to Ga 23 (3&4): (99-102)

Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Africa, Arabia, Tropical Asia, AU, Canary Islands, India, Ceylon, Burma. See [About maps] Plain Tiger Common Tiger Lesser Wanderer African Queen
Papilio chrysippus Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 471, f. 81, TL: China, Canton (or Egypt?)
Papilio asclepiadis Gagliardi, 1811; Atti Inst. Incorr. Napol. 1: 155, pl. 1
Limnas bowringi Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 239, TL: Hong Kong
Danais chrysippus var. vigelii Heylaerts, 1884; Bull. Soc. ent. Belg. 28 : xcix
Danais clarippus Weymer, 1884; Ent. Nachr. 10 (17) : 257
Limnas klugii Butler, [1886]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 (4) : 758, TL: Somaliland
Danais dorippus ab. albinus Lanz, 1896; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 9 (1) : 130, TL: Parumbira
Danaida dorippus ab. infumata Aurivillius, 1898; K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. 31 (5) : 33 (nom. nov.), TL: "Nubien"
Salatura chrysippus kanariensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Stettin ent. Ztg 59 (10-12) : 412, TL: Canary Is.
Danaus dorippus ab. transiens Suffert, 1900; Berl. Ent. Zs. 45 : 116
Danaida chrysippus ab. chrysippellus Strand, 1909; Archiv Naturg. 75 (1) : 375, TL: Cameroon, Barombi-Station
?Danais chrysippus auriflava van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13) : 205
Danaida dorippus ab. semialbinus Strand, 1910; Soc. Ent. 25 (2) : 5, TL: Usambara
Danais chrysippus rubra van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13) : 205, TL: Nicobars
Danais chrysippus fuscippus van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13) : 206, TL: Sunda I.
Danais chrysippus ab. axantha Hayward, 1922; Entomologist 55 : 178, TL: nr. Aswan, Egypt
Danais chrysippus ab. candidata Hayward, 1922; Entomologist 55 : 179, TL: nr. Aswan, Egypt
praealbata (Froreich, 1928) (Danaida); Soc. Ent. 43 : 39
Danais chrysippus f. limbata Matsumura, 1929; Insecta Matsumurana 3 (2/3) : 91, TL: Formosa
Danais chrysippus f. subpurpurea Matsumura, 1929; Insecta Matsumurana 3 (2/3) : 91, TL: Formosa
liboria (Hulstaert, 1931) (Danaida); Genera Insectorum 193: 193
Danais chrysippus ab. pseudopetilea Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 54, TL: Kangean
Danaus chrysippus chrysippus f. amplifascia Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 122, TL: India; S.China; Tonkin
joannisi Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 49
ornata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 49
luxurians Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 49
hanoiensis Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 49
subreducta Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
ab. bipunctana Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
reducta Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
radiata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
impunctata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
duponti Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
duplicata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
deficiens Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
completa Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
bipunctata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
anomala Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45 : 50
evanescens Storace, 1949; Ann. Mus. Civ. Nat. Giacomo Doria 64: 20
lemeemagdalenae (Lemée, 1950) (Danais); in Lemée & Tams, Contr. Lép. Haut-Tonkin & Saigon: 6
witteellus Overlaet, 1955; Miss. de Witte 27: 7
hypermnestra Stoneham, 1958; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (71): 1
Danaus chrysippus, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Danaus chrysippus chrysippus, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Danaus chrysippus, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Danaus chrysippus, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Danaus chrysippus, Europaische Schmetterlinge [Mario Maier]
Limnas klugii ; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1 : 42, pl. 9, f. 1, 1a
Salatura chrysippus ; Moore, [1880], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 7, pl. 3, f. 1a-b
Limnas chrysippus ; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1 : 36, pl. 8, f. 1, 1a-e
Danaus chrysippus chrysippus ; [BK, 256, pl. 27, f. 385]
Danaus chrysippus ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 198, f. 7]; [BOR, 202]; [MRS, 270]; [BRU2: 10, pl. 1, f. 5-6]; [AfrL]; [Otakar Kudrna]
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus ; [MWB: 209, pl. 19, f. 112-115, pl. IX, f. 98, pl. X, f. 115, 133, pl. XI, f. 150, 152]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

870x597 (~35Kb) underside male female Yona, Okinawa, Ryukyus, Japan, 9-90, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt	600x435 (~32Kb) underside Morocco, Taroudannt, Souss, Photo © Michel Tarrier	600x435 (~33Kb) upperside Morocco, Taroudannt, Souss, Photo © Michel Tarrier
769x513 (~64Kb) upperside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	769x513 (~87Kb) upperside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	769x514 (~96Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko
816x612 (~51Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, at the lake at Bang Phra. 1st February 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Larva on Asclepias [H&R], Apocynum [NAB], Gomphocarpus, Ceropegia, Stapelia, Huernia [PBSA], Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Asclepias curassavica, Asclepias spp., Caralluma spp., Ceropegia spp., Cynanchum abyssinicum, C. spp., Gomphocarpus fruticosus, G. spp., Huernia spp., Ishchnochardtia australis, Kanahia glaberrima, K. spp., Leichardtia spp., Leptadea hastata, Marsdenia leichardtiana, Pentatropis atropurpurea, P. spp., Peogularia daemia, P. extensa, Plenrostelma cernuum, Raphistemma pulchellum, Schizoglossum spp., Secamone spp., Stapelia spp., Stathmostelma spp., Tylophora spp., Ipomoea bona-nox, Euphorbia spp., Periploca linarifolia, Dyerophytum indicum, Rosa spp., Erioglossum rubiginosum, Antirrhinum spp. [MRS], Asclepias coarctata, A. fruticosa, A. fulva, A. lineolata, A. reflexa, A. rotundifolia, A. scabrifolia, A. swynnertoni, A. syriaca, Aspidoglossum interruptum, Cynanchum actutum, C. altiscandens, C. amplexicaule, C. floribundum, C. sublanceolatum var. obtusulum, Gomphocarpus kaesneri, G. physocarpa, G. semilunatus, G. stenophyllus, Ischnostemma carnosum, Kanahia laniflora, Leichardtia australis, Leptadenia hastata, Metaplexis japonica, Pachycarpus sp., Pentarrhinum sp., Pentatropis quinquepartita, Pergularia daemia, P. extensa?, Pleurostelma cernuum, Secamone afzelli, S. parviflora, S. platystigma, Stapelia nobilis, Stathmostelma gigantiflorum, S. pedunculatum, Tylophora stenoloba, T. sylvatica [MWB]

Larva on Asclepias curassavica, A. fruticosa, A. rotundifolia, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Cynanchum carnosum, C. floribundum, Marsdenia australis, Pentatropis atropurpurea, P. quinquepartita, Staphelia grandiflora, S. variegata K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

Mimiced by Hypolimnas misippus. [BIR]

D. c. chrysippus

Papilio aegyptius Schreber, 1759; Novae Species Insectorum : 9, f. 11-12
Papilio alcippus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): pl. 127, f. E, F, TL: [W.Africa]
Limnas alcippoides Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 238, (3): pl. 31, f. 1, TL: India
Danaida chrysippus ssp. margarita Röber, 1926; Ent. Mitt. 15 (3/4): 226
Euploea dorippus Klug, 1845; in Ehrenberg, Symb. Phys.: pl. 48, f. 1-3

Panlymnas chrysippus chrysippus ; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4) : 64
Danaus alcippus ; Marshall & de Nicéville, 1883, Butts India Burmah Ceylon 1 (1): 51
Limnas alcippoides ; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1 : 41, pl. 9, f. 2, 2a-c
Danaus dorippus ; [AfrL]
Danaus dorippus dorippus ; [AfrL]
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus f. alcippoides ; [BMP: 104, pl. 11, f. 2]

Danaus chrysippus aegyptius f. dorippus ; [BAFR, 152, fig.]
Danaus chrysippus aegyptius f. albinus ; [BAFR, 152, fig.]
Danaus chrysippus aegyptius f. alcippoides ; [BAFR, 152, fig.]
Danaus chrysippus aegyptius ; [BAFR, 152]
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus aegyptius ; [MadL]
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus chrysippus ; [BMP: 104, pl. 11, f. 1]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222
Danaus chrysippus chrysippus ; [BMAT: 59, pl. 19, f. 1-6]
Danaus chrysippus alcippus ; [AfrL]
Danaus chrysippus chrysippus ; [AfrL]

Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Calotropis gigantea [BMP], Pergularia tomentosa, Cynanchum acutum, Calotropis procera [BMAT]

D. c. petilia (Stoll, 1790)

Australia, Torres Strait Is.;New Guinea, Louisiades, New Hebrides Papilio petilia Stoll, [1790]; Aanhangsel Werk, Uitl. Kapellen (2-5): pl. 28, f. 3, TL: Coast of Coromandel
Limnas petilia ; Butler, 1900, in Andrews, Mon. Christmas Isl. : 60
Danaus chrysippus petilia ; [BAUR, 170]

D. c. cratippus Felder, 1860

Moluccas, Timor - Tanimbar Danais cratippus Felder, 1860; Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40 (11): 449, TL: Amboina
Danaus chrysippus cratippus ; [BAUR, 170 (text)]
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus cratippus ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223

D. c. bataviana (Moore, 1883)

Java, Lesser Sunda Is., Salyar, Tanahjampea, Kalao, Banggai Limnas bataviana Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 238, TL: Java
Danaida chrysippus bataviana ; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 116
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus bataviana ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

D. c. gelderi (Snellen, 1891)

Sulawesi Danais chrysippus var. gelderi Snellen, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34 : 37
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus gelderi ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

D. c. orientis (Aurivillius, 1909)

chrysippus orientis (Aurivillius, 1909) (Danaida); in Voeltzkow, Reise in Ostafrika, 2: 310
Danaus chrysippus orientis ; [AfrL]

D. c. ssp.

Tukanbesi Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus ssp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223

D. c. ssp.

Bonerate chrysippus ssp. ; [MWB]
Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus spp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223

D. c. ssp.

Togian Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus ssp. ; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223

Unknown or unplaced taxa

Danais nerippe Doubleday, 1848; (nom. nud.), TL: Brazil
nerippe ; [NL4A, 172]

Danais ravida Fruhstorfer, 1897; Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (1/2) (s.b.): 25, TL: S.Celebes

2.3.2013 (10)

References:

[ALBERTA]: University of Alberta, E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum; Browse Entomology Collection
[About maps]: Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.
[AfrL]: Mark C. Williams; Checklist of Afrotropical Papilionoidea and Hesperoidea; Compiled by Mark C. Williams, 7th ed. (2008) (April 2007); Afrototropical Butterflies; e-mail: Mark C. Williams
[BAFR]: D'Abrera, 1980; Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region
[BAMONA]: Opler, Pavulaan, Stanford & Pogue; Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BAUR]: D'Abrera, 1977; Butterflies of the Australian Region (2nd edn)
[BCA]: electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BCR]: DeVries; The Butterflies of Costa Rica 1; Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae
[BHL]: The; Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!
[BHR]: D'Abrera; Butterflies of the Holarctic Region, Part I-III
[BIR]: Wynter-Blyth, 1957; Butterflies of the Indian Region; (1982 Reprint)
[BK]: Larsen, 1996; The Butterflies of Kenya and their natural history
[BMAT]: Tennent, 1996; The butterflies of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia; ISBN 0 906802 05 9
[BMP]: Eliot (Ed.), Corbet & Pendlebury, 1992; The Butterflies of The Malay Peninsula; 4th edition; ISBN 983-9681-05-2
[BOA]: Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[BOR]: D'Abrera, 1982, 1985, 1986; Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part I-III
[BOW]: Lewis, 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X
[BRU]: Tuzov, Bogdanov, Devyatkin, Kaabak, Korolev, Murzin, Samodurov, Tarasov, 1997; Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories; Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Satyridae; Volume 1
[BRU2]: Tuzov (ed.), Bogdanov, Churkin, Devyatkin, Dantchenko, Murzin, Samodurov, Zhdanko, 2000; Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories; Libytheidae, Danaidae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae; Volume 2
[Bruce Walsh]: Bruce Walsh; e-mail: Bruce Walsh; The Moths of Southeastern Arizona; Butterflies of Southeastern Arizona
[CiNii]: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/
[Don Herbison-Evans]: and Stella A. Crossley; Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans
[EBW]: Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6
[EcuL]: Tommaso & Racheli, 2001; Fragmenta entomologica 33 (2): 213-380; An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae)
[GALEPS]: Moths and Butterflies of Georgia and the Southeastern United States; James K. Adams; Dept. of Natural Science, Dalton State College, Dalton, GA ; http://www.daltonstate.edu/galeps/index.htm
[H&R]: Higgins, L.G, Riley, N.D, 1970; A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Britain and Europe
[HBN]: Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2
[ILMB]: Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies
[JLS]: Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles
[John Shuey]: e-mail: jshuey at tnc.org; Director of Conservation Science; Indiana Office of The Nature Conservancy; http://www.nature.org
[Kimmo Silvonen]: Espoo, Finland; Kimmo's Lep Site
[LAMAS-2005]: Gerardo Lamas; Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)
[LAMAS-NEO]: Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[MBE]: Moths and Butteflies of Europe; Paolo Mazzei, Diego Reggianti and Ilaria Pimpinelli; http://www.leps.it/
[MRS]: Chou Io (Ed.); Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2
[MWB]: Ackery & Vane-Wright, 1984; Milkweed butterflies, their cladistics and biology; British Museum (Natural History)
[MadL]: Lees, D.C., Kremen, C. and Raharitsimba, H. 2003; in S.M. Goodman & J. P. Benstead (eds.), The Natural History of Madagascar; Classification, Diversity and Endemism of the Butterflies (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea): A Revised Species Checklist: : pp. 762-793; University of Chicago Press. 1709 pp.
[Mario Maier]: Europäische Schmetterlinge; e-mail: Mario Maier
[Michel Tarrier]: Michel R. Tarrier; Malaga, Spain; http://www.tarrier.org
[NAB]: Pyle, 1981; Field Guide to North American Butterflies, National Audubon Society; ISBN 0-394-51914-0
[NACL]: Hodges, 1983; Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico
[NCB]: Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis; NCB naturalis
[NL4A]: Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea
[Oleg Kosterin]: Institue of Cytology & Genetics; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk; e-mail: Oleg Kosterin; http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/
[Olli Vesikko]: http://koti.welho.com/ovesikko/
[Opler]: Opler & Warren, 2003 (April); Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.
[PBSA]: Dickson, C.G.C (ed.), Kroon, D.M.; Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa; AD. DONKER 1978
[Pierre Zagatti]: WWW pages; Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of the French Antilles; e-mail: Pierre Zagatti
[S. Shuichi Haupt]: e-mail: S. Shuichi Haupt; http://www.tu-berlin.de/fb7/ioeb/biologie/stefan.htm
[SVF]: Svenska fjärilar; Naturhistoriska riksmuseet; (Sweden)
[Simon Coombes]: 1 Park Street, Plymouth, PL3 4BL, UK; 01752 607854; e-mail: Simon Coombes; http://www.butterfly-guide.co.uk
[Vitaly Charny]: Birmingham, Alabama, USA
[Wahlberg]: Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group
[Yutaka Inayoshi]: A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China; Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM
[²]: This may require parentheses or not. I don't have the necessary information for this taxon.

Some related literature:

Butler in Andrews, 1900: A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean): Physical Features and Geology Mon. Christmas Isl. : 1-337, pl. 1-21,2bis
Aurivillius, 1898: Rhopalocera Aethiopica. Die tagfalter des Aethiopischen Faunegebietes K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. 31 (5) : 1-561, pl. 1-6
Aurivillius, 1909: Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera und Heterocera (Pars 1) von Madagascar, den Comoren und den Inseln Ostafrikas in Voeltzkow, Reise in Ostafrika, 2: 310-348
Beebe, 1923: Notes on Galápagos Lepidoptera Zoologica 5: 51-59
Bates, 1863: On the collection of butterflies brought by Messrs. Salvin and Godman from Panama, with remarks on geographical distributions Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1863 : 239-249, pl. 29
Bates, 1864: New species of butterflies from Guatemala and Panama, collected by Osbert Salvin and F. du Cane Godman, Esqs. Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (1): 1-6 (1864), (2): 31-35 (1864), (3): 55-59 (1864), (4): 81-85 (1864), (5): 113-116 (1864), (6): 126-131 (1864), (7): 161-164 (1864), (8): 178-180 (1865), (9): 202-205 (1865)
Brower, Wahlberg, Ogawa, Boppre & Vane-Wright, 2010: Phylogenetic relationships among genera of danaine butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) as implied by morphology and DNA sequences Syst. Biodiv. 8 (1): 75-89
Brown & Mielke, 1967: Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2): 77-106
Butler, 1866: A Monograph of the diurnal Lepidoptera belonging to the Genus Danais, being a Revision of the Insects of that Genus, with Descriptions of new Species in the National Collection Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1) : 43-59, pl. 4
Butler, 1866: Supplement to a monograph of the genus Danais, founded on specimens in the collection of Mr. Osbert Salvin Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2) : 171-175, 3figs
Butler, 1870: List of Species in a small Collection of Butterflies from the South Seas Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 5 (29) : 357-361
Butler, 1876: On a Collection of Lepidoptera from Port Moresby, New Guinea Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 18 (105) : 240-249
Butler, 1882: Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera, chiefly from Duke of York Island and New Britain Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10 (55): 36-43, (56): 149-160, (57): 226-238
Butler, 1883: List of Lepidoptera collected by Mr. H. O. Forbes in the Islands of Timor Laut Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 : 365-371, pl. 38
Butler, 1884: Lepidoptera from the Island of Nias Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (73) : 58-60
Butler, 1884: The Lepidoptera collected during the recent expedition of H.M.S. "Challenger", Part II Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (75) : 183-203
Butler, [1886]: An account of two collections of Lepidoptera recently received from Somali-land Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 (4) : 756-776, pl. 47
Capronnier, 1874: Notice sur les époques d'apparition des lépidoptères diurnes du Brésil recueillis par M. C. van Volxem, dans son voyage en 1872 Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 17 : 5-39, pl. 1
Capronnier, 1886: Note sur des Lépidoptères recueillis en 1884, a l'ile de Waigiou (Novelle-Guinée) par M. van Renesse-van Duivenbode Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 30 : 1-6
Clark, 1941: Notes on some North and Middle American danaid butterflies Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 90 (3118) : 531-542
Cramer, [1775]: Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 1-132, pl. 1-84 (1775), (8): 133-155, pl. 85-96 (1776)
Cramer, [1777]: Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)
Cramer, [1779]; Cramer, [1780]: Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 1-104, pl. 193-252 (1779), (22): 105-128, pl. 253-264 ([1780]), (23-24): 129-176, pl. 265-288 (1780)
Crotch, 1872: On the Generic Nomenclature of Lepidoptera Cist. ent. 1 : 59-71
Doherty, 1891: A list of the butterflies of Engano, with some remarks on the Danaidae J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (1) : 4-32
Doherty, 1891: The Butterflies of Sumba and Sumbawa, with some Account of the Island of Sumba J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (2) : 141-197, pl. 2
Dufrane, 1948: Note sur les Danaidae Bull. Soc. linn. Lyon 17 (10) : 192-194
Dufrane, 1948: A propos de Danaus (Limnas Hbn) chrysippus L. (Lep. Danaidae) Misc. ent. 45 : 49-51
K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991: Review of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Pushlished by authors, Melbourne Review Austr. Butts. (1-4):
Dyar, 1903: A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 1-723
van Eecke, 1914: Fauna Simalurensis. Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, Fam. Danaidae Notes Leyden Mus. 36 : 49-53
van Eecke, 1914: Studien über Indo-Australische Lepidopteren, Fauna Simalurensis Notes Leyden Mus. 36 : 193-258, pl. 4
van Eecke, 1915: Enkele opmerkingen omtrent Indo-Australische Danaiden Zool. Meded. 1 (13) : 205-227
Eschscholtz, 1821: Beschreibung neuer ausländischer Schmetterling in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 201-219, 11pls
Evans, 1932: The Identification of Indian Butterflies (edn. 2) Indian Butterflies (edn. 2): x + 454pp, 9 figs, 32 pls
Fabricius, 1775: Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Syst. Ent.: 832pp
Fabricius, 1938: Systema Glossatorum Secundum Ordines, Genera, Species Adiectis Synonymi Locis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus in Bryk, Systema Glossatorum: [i]-xii, 13-112
Felder, 1860: Lepidopterorum Amboienensium species novae diagnosibus Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40 (11): 448-462
Felder, 1862: Verzeichniss der von den Naturforschern der k. k. Fregatte Novara gesammelten Macropepidoteren Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 12 (1/2) : 473-496
C. & R. Felder, 1860: Lepidopterologische Fragmente. V-VI Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (4): 97-112, pl. 1-2, (8): 225-251, pl. 3-4
C. & R. Felder, 1865: Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Behilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Band 2. Abtheilung 2. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (1): 1-136, pl. 1-21 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, [1865]), (2): 137-378, pl. 22-47 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1865), (3): 379-536, pl. 48-74 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1867), (4): 537-548, pl. 75-120, (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-9 (pl. 1-74), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) , (5): pl. 121-140, (erklärung) 1-10 (pl. 75-107), (Inhalts-Vers.) 1-20 (pl. 108-140), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
Forbes, 1939: Revisional notes on the Danainae Ent. Am. (N.S.) 19: 101-140
Forbes, [1944]: Revisional notes on the Danaidae (Supplement) J. N.Y. ent. Soc. 51 (4) : 295-304
Froreich, 1928: Eine bemerkenswerte Abberation von Danais chrysippus (L.) Soc. Ent. 43 : 39
Fruhstorfer, 1897: [Notes] Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (1/2) (s.b.): 20-25 (mid November)
Fruhstorfer, 1897: Rhopalocera Lombokiana Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (1/2) : 119-126 (mid November)
Fruhstorfer, 1899: Neue indo-australische Danaiden Soc. Ent. 14 (3): 17 (1 May), (4): 28-29 (15 May), (5): 33-35 (1 June)
Fruhstorfer, 1899: Neue Rhopaloceren aus Nias Soc. Ent. 14 (5) : 36-37 (1 June)
Fruhstorfer, 1899: Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Fauna der Liu-Kiu-Inseln Stettin ent. Ztg 59 (10-12) : 405-420 (June)
Fruhstorfer, 1899: Uebersicht der Indo-Australischen Danaiden und Beschreibung neuer Formen Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2) : 64-87 (mid July)
Fruhstorfer, 1900: Neue Rhopaloceren aus Nias Stettin ent. Ztg 60 (10-12) : 348-351 (April)
Fruhstorfer, 1904: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Rhopaloceren-Fauna der Insel Engano Berl. ent. Zs. 49 (1/2) : 170-206, pl. 1-2 (mid August)
Fruhstorfer, 1906: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Rhopaloceren der Batu-Inseln an der S.-W.-Küste von Sumatra Ent Zs. 20 (15): 98-99 (15 July), (16): 105-106 (22 July)
Fruhstorfer, 1906: Neue Schmetterlinge von den Batu-Inseln Ent. Zs. 20 (18): 121-122 (8 August), (19): 131-132 (15 August), (21): 145-146 (1 September)
Fruhstorfer, 1907: Neue Danaiden und Uebersicht der bekannten Indo-Australischen Arten Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4) : 161-202 (15 May)
Fruhstorfer, 1910: 3. Familie: Danaidae in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 191-216 (20 May, 1910), : 217-224 (20 June, 1910), : 225-240 (15 August, 1910), : 241-248 (29 November, 1910), : 249-264 (12 November, 1910), : 265-272 (17 December, 1910), : 273-280 (13 February, 1911), : 281-284 (14 February, 1911)
Fruhstorfer, 1912: Rhopaloceren der Insel Matty Ent. Rundschau 29 (5) : 33-35 (9 March)
Godart, 1819: in Latreille & Godart, Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire naturelle Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustacés, des arachnides et des insectes Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 3-328 (1819), (2): 329-828 ([1824])
Godman & Salvin, 1882: On some Rhopalocera from New Ireland Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 : 754-755
Godman & Salvin, [1879]: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. Vol. 1. (1879-1886) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 1-487, 3: pl. 1-24,24a,25-112
Godman & Salvin, [1901]: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112
Godman & Salvin, 1888: New species of Butterflies collected by Mr. C. M. Woodford in the Solomon Islands Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 1 (2): 90-101, (3): 209-214
Godman & Salvin, 1897: Descriptions of New Species of Central and South American Rhopalocera Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2) : 241-248
Grose-Smith, 1894: An Account of a Collection of Diurnal Lepidoptera from New Guinea (Parts I-III) - made by Mr. W. Doherty at Humboldt Bay, Dutch New Guinea, and in neighbouring islands, in the Museum of the honourable Walter Rothschild at Tring, with descriptions of new species Novit. zool. 1 (2): 331-365, (2): 543-551, (3): 571-584
Gunder, 1927: New transition forms of "abs" and their classification Ent. News. 38 (5) : 129-138, pl. 2
Hagen, 1896: Beitrag zur kenntnis der Rhopaloceren-fauna der Insel Bawean Jahrb. Nass. Nat. 49 : 173-188, pl. 4
Hagen, 1898: Vorläufige Diagnose neuer Rhopaloceren von den Mentawej-Inseln Ent. Nachr. 24 (13) : 193-207
Hagen, 1902: Schmetterlinge von den Mentawej-Inseln Abh. Senckenb. Nat. Ges. 20 : 309-340, pl. 1-2
Hayward, 1922: Some curious aberrations of Danais chrysippus, L. Entomologist 55 : 178-179
Heylaerts, 1884: [notes] Bull. Soc. ent. Belg. 28 : xci-xciv, : xciv-xcv,[94-95], : xcv-xcvii, : xcvii-xcviii, : xcviii-xcix, : xcix-c, : c-ci, : ci-cvii
Howarth, 1962: Rhopalocera of the Rennel and Bellona Islands The Natural History of the Rennel and Bellona Is. (4) : 63-83
Hübner, [1806]: Tentamen determinationis digestionis alque denominationis singlarum stripium Lepidopterorum, peritisad inspiciendum et dijudicandum communicatum, a Jacob Hübner Tentamen determinationis digestionis ...: -
Hübner, [1816]: Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge, Vol. 1 (1806 - [1819]) Samml. exot. Schmett. 1 : [1-4] (1807), : [5-12] (1807-1809), : [13-36] (1823-1824), : pl. [1-2], [5-8], [12], [15], [29], [47] (1806), : pl. [9], [11], [17], [21], [25-27], [32], [35], [43-44], [56], [60], [79], [102], [104], [116], [141], [148], [150-151], [155], [159], [200] (1807), : pl. [19], [39], [57], [73], [82], [114], [157], [167], [170], [173], [187] (1807), : pl. [3], [31], [37], [46], [54], [58], [62], [76], [84], [92], [95], [105], [112-113], [117], [137-138], [146], [154], [158], [180], [209] (1808), : pl. [16], [28], [65], [89], [142], [160], [162], [166], [182], [188], [193] (1809), : pl. [4], [22], [42], [53], [61], [88], [90], [97], [100], [107], [110], [118], [120], [140], [143], [149], [161], [171], [178], [184], [196], [202] (1809), : pl. [10], [18], [30], [41], [51], [80], [144], [172], [189] (1810), : pl. [36], [70], [87], [91], [101], [124], [129], [177], [183], [207], [210] (1811), : pl. [20], [38], [45], [55], [85], [98], [103], [108], [136], [139], [152-153], [156], [163], [179], [186], [190], [205-206] (1812), : pl. [13-14], [40], [48], [50], [67], [74], [86], [119], [121], [130], [135], [175-176], [197-199], [204], [212] (1813), : pl. [72], [75], [77-78], [83], [93], [109], [111], [115], [128], [131], [165], [174], [194] (1813), : pl. [24], [49], [52], [63-64], [66], [68-69], [71], [81], [123], [145], [181], [192] (1814), : pl. [126], [132-134], [168] (1815), : pl. [23], [96], [122], [125], [169], [195] (1816), : pl. [33], [99], [127], [187], [185], [213] (1817), : pl. [59], [106], [147], [164], [208], [211] (1818), : pl. [34], [94], [191], [201] (1819), : (Index Systematicus) [1-4] (1819 - April 1823)
Hübner, [1823]; Hübner, [1826]: Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge, Vol. 2 ([1819] - [1827]) Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [90], [180], [223] (1819), : pl. [2], [12], [16], [78], [141], [182] (1820), : pl. [11], [13], [24], [77], [83], [97], [102-103], [108-109], [116-117], [122], [147], [150], [164], [183], [195], [197], [212-214] (1821), : pl. [14], [18-19], [26], [38-39], [43], [68], [70-71], [74], [84], [86], [92], [94-95], [106], [114], [121], [161], [169], [174], [177-178], [184], [194], [200], [204-205], [207-208], [210] (1821), : pl. [33], [72], [76], [115], [131], [138-139], [153], [198], [211], [218], [220] (1822), : pl. [32], [75], [81], [93], [105], [129] (1822), : pl. [1], [6], [22-23], [25], [27], [29-31], [34-37], [40-42], [48], [50-53], [56], [58-59], [64-66], [69], [73], [87], [89], [91], [96], [98-101], [110], [124], [128], [130], [132-137], [142], [155-158], [160], [162-163], [165-167], [170-173], [175-176], [187-188], [196], [199], [201-202], [206], [215-216], [219], [222], [224] (1823), : pl. [54], [118], [143], [149], [159] [179], [181], [185], [203], [217] (1824), : pl. [3-5], [8-10], [15], [20], [45], [49], [55], [60], [62-63], [67], [79-80], [88], [104], [111-113], [120], [125], [127], [140], [144-146], [148], [151-152], [154], [168], [189-193], [221], [225] (1825), : pl. [7], [17], [21], [28], [44], [46-47], [57], [61], [82], [123], [126] (1826), : pl. [85], [119], [186], [209] (1827), : (Index Systematicus) [1-4] (1827-1832)
Hübner, 1816: Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])
Hulstaert, 1931: Lepidoptera Rhopalocera: Fam. Danaididae: Subfam. Danaidinae & Tellervinae Genera Insectorum 193: 215pp, 6pls
Joicey & Talbot, 1922: Four new butterflies from the Islands of Mefor and Biak (North Dutch New Guinea) Bull. Hill Mus. 1 (2) : 350-352
Joicey & Talbot, 1925: Notes on some Lepidoptera, with descriptions of new forms Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 16 (96) : 633-653
Kalis, 1933: Bijdrage tot de kennis van de Lepidoptera Rhopalocera van Nederlandsch-Indië Tijdschr. Ent. 76 : 47-86
Kluk, 1780: Historyja naturalna zwierzat domowych i dzikich, osobliwie kraiowych, historyi naturalney poczatki, i gospodarstwo : potrzebnych I pozytecznych donowych chowanie, rozmnozenie, chorob leczenie, dzikich lowienie, oswaienie : za·zycie; szkodliwych zas wygubienie. 4 vols. Hist. nat. pocz. gospod. 4: -
Kurosawa, 1973: The true status of Salatura yuchingkini with comments on some forms described by the same outhors Tyô to Ga 23 (3&4): 99-102
Köhler, 1929: Las mariposas argentinas. Danaidae. Rev. Soc. Ent. Arg. 2 : 303-332, pl. 1-6 (15 December)
Lanz, 1896: Besprechung der von Dr. Bumiller 1893 aus Ostafrika mitgebrachten Schmetterlinge Dt. ent. Z. Iris 9 (1) : 113-147
Latreille, 1807: Latreille's Eintheilung der Linnéischen Gattungen Papilio und Sphinx Mag. für Insektenkunde 6: 290-295
Latreille, 1809: Genera crustaceorum et insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, iconibus, exemplisque plumiris explicata Genera Crust. Insect. 4: [1-2]-399, pl. 13-16
Lemée in Lemée & Tams, 1950: Contribution à l'étude des Lépidoptères du Haut-Tonkin (Nord-Vietnam) et de Saïgon Contr. Lép. Haut-Tonkin & Saigon: I-V, 1-82
Linnaeus, 1758: Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 1-338, : 339-824
Linsley, 1977: Insect of Galápagos islands (Supplement) Occ. Pap. Cal. Acad. Sci. 125: 1-50
Linsley & Usinger, 1966: Insects of Galápagos islands Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 33: 113-196
Marshall & de Nicéville, 1883: The Butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon, a descriptive Handbook of all the known Species of rhopalocerous Lepidoptera inhabiting that Region, with Notices of allied Species occurring in the neighbouring Countries along the Border, with numerous Illustrations. Vol. 1 Butts India Burmah Ceylon 1 (1): 1-94, pl. 1-9 (1882), (2): 95-327, pl. 10-17 (1883)
Martin, 1911: Über neue Danaisformes aus Südsumatra, Borneo und Sumbawa Mitt. Münch. Ges. 2 (1-2) : 6-8
Martin, [1914]: Zwei neue Danaidenformen aus Celebes und Saleyer Dt. ent. Z. Iris 27 (4) : 153-155
Martin, 1914: Die Tagfalter der Insel Celebes Dt. ent. Z. Iris 28 (1): 59-80, (2): 81-107
Matsumura, 1929: New butterflies from Japan, Korea and Formosa Insecta Matsumurana 3 (2/3) : 87-107, pl. 4
Miller & Miller, 1978: "East Indian" butterflies: notes and descriptions. 1. Satyridae and Danaidae Bull. Allyn Mus. 49: 23pp
Moore, 1877: Descriptions of Asiatic Diurnal Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115) : 43-52
Moore, [1880]: The Lepidoptera of Ceylon Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 1-40, pl. 1-18 (Dec 1880), (2): 41-80, pl. 19-36 (Jan 1881), (3): 81-136, pl. 37-54 (Jun 1881), (4): 137-190, pl. 55-71 (Dec 1881)
Moore, 1883: A Monograph of Limnaina and Euploeina, two Groups of Diurnal Lepidoptera belonging to the Subfamily Euploeinae; with Descriptions of new Genera and Species. Part I & II Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 201-252, (3): 253-324, pl. 29-32
Morishita, 1970: The Danaid butterflies of South Viet-Nam Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4) : 62-71
Morishita, 1981: New or unnamed butterflies from south east Asian islands (Lep. Pieridae, Danaidae) Memoirs of the Tsukada Collection, (3): 1-18, 3pls
Moulton, 1921: Notes on Malaysian Butterflies. (1) J. fed. Malay. St. Mus. 10 (3) : 157-192
Murayama & Shimonoya, 1963: On some interesting butterflies from Formosa, with descriptions of 2 new species, 2 new races, and 7 new aberrant forms [in Japanese] Tyô to Ga 13 (3): 51-59
Overlaet, 1955: Exploration du Parc National d l'Upemba Miss. de Witte 27: 1-106
Parkin, Parkin, Ewing & Ford, 1972: A report on the arthropods collected by the Edinburgh University Galápagos Islands Expedition, 1968 Pan-Pac. Entomol. 48 (2): 100-107
Ribbe, 1889: Beiträge zur Lepidopteren-Faun von Gross-Ceram Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (2) : 187-265, pl. 5
Roque, 1998: The monarch butterfly in the Galápagos Islands: is it a native or an introduced species? Noticias de Galápagos 59: 9-11
Roque, 1998: New record of hostplant from monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) from Galápagos Islands Lep. News, 2: 10
Roque-Albelo, 2004: The butterflies (Papilionoidea, Hesperoidea) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador: distribution, hostplants and biology J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 33-43
Rothschild, 1892: Notes on a Collection of Lepidoptera made by William Doherty in Southern Celebes during August and September 1891. Part I, Rhopalocera Dt. ent. Z. Iris 5 (2) : 429-442
Rothschild, 1915: On Lepidoptera from the islands of Ceram (Seran), Buru, Bali, and Misol Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 105-144, (2): 209-227
Röber, 1886: Neue Tagschmetterlinge der Indo-Australischen Fauna Corr.-Bl. Ent. Ver. Iris 1 (3) : 45-72, pl. 2-5
Röber, 1891: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Indo-Australischen Lepidopteren-Fauna Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 261-334 (1891), 35: 85-86, pl. 3-6 (1892)
Röber, 1897: Neue Schmetterlinge aus Celebes und Java Ent. Nachr. 23 (7) : 99-101
Röber, 1926: Lepidopterologisches Ent. Mitt. 15 (3/4): 226-230 (1 July) , (5/6): 372-377 (10 October)
Röber, 1927: Neue exotische Falter Int. ent. Zs. 21 (13): 97-100, 1 f. (1 Jul 1927), (14): 105-107 (8 Jul 1927), (18): 140-142, 1pl. (8 Aug 1927), (24): 197-198 (22 Sep 1927), (31): 281-282 (15 Nov 1927), (45): 435, 1pl. (1 Mar 1928)
Röber, 1939: Ueber einige neue exotische Falter Ent. Rundschau 56 (32) : 357-358 (22 August)
Haensch in Seitz, 1909: Die amerikanischen Tagfalter Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 : 1-48 (1907), : 49-72 (1908), : 73-160 (1909), : 161-200 (1910), : 201-240 (1911), : 241-344 (1912), : 345-456 (1913), : 457-480 (1914), : 481-536 (1915), : 537-664 (1916), : 665-720 (1917), : 745-768 (1919), : 721-744,769-816 (1920), : 817-856 (1921), : 857-912,937-944 (1922), : 913-936,945-1000 (1923), : 1001-1141 (1924)
Snellen, 1891: Beschrijving eener varieteit van Danais Chrysippus L. Tijdschr. Ent. 34 : 37-38, pl. 1
Staudinger, 1889: Lepidoptera der Insel Palawan Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1) : 3-180, pl. 1-2
Storace, 1949: Spedizione zoologica del Marchese Saverio Patrizi nell Basso Giuba e nell'Oltregiuba, VI-VIII. 1934. Lepidotteri diurnini Ann. Mus. Civ. Nat. Giacomo Doria 64: 12-29
Stoll, [1782]: Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 29-90, pl. 305-336 (1780), (29-31): 91-164, pl. 337-372 (1781), (32-32): 165-252, 1-29, pl. 373-400 (1782)
Stoll, [1790]: Aanhangsel van het Werk, de Uitlandsche Kapellen Aanhangsel Werk, Uitl. Kapellen (1): 1-42, pl. 1-8 (1787), (2-5): 43-184, pl. 9-42 (1790)
Stoneham, 1958: New forms of African Danaidae Bull. Stoneham Mus. (71): 1-3
Strand, 1909: Schmetterlinge aus dem Sambesi-Gebiet, gesammelt und dem Berliner Museum geschenkt von Herrn Franz Seiner Archiv Naturg. 75 (1) : 375-386
Strand, 1910: Neue Tagfalter-Formen aus Usambara, gesammelt von Herrn Prof. Dr. J. Vosseler Soc. Ent. 25 (2) : 5-6
Strand, 1914: Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer und wenig bekannter Lepidoptera aus der Sammlung W. Niepelt Lepid. Niepeltiana (1) : 1-64, pl. 1-12
Strecker, 1900: Lepidoptera, Rhopaloceres and Heteroceres, indigenous and exotic Lep. Rhopal. Het., Suppl. 3 : 13-37,38
Suffert, 1900: Eine neue Aberration des Danaus dorippus Klug. aus Deutsch-Ostafrica Berl. Ent. Zs. 45 : 115-116
Swinhoe, 1893: A List of the Lepidoptera of the Khasi Hills. Part I Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1893 (3) : 267-330
Swinhoe, 1917: New species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 19 (112): 331-343, (113): 409-416
Swinhoe, 1917: New Indo-Malayan Species of Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 20 (116) : 157-166
Talbot, 1943: Revisional notes on the genus Danaus Kluk (Lep. Rhop. Danaidae) Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1) : 115-148
Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003: The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island faunda Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 3-268, pl. 1-16
Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914: The Butterflies of Australia, a Monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera, introducing ... Butts Australia: 239pp, 42 pls
Weymer, 1884: Danais Clarippus n. sp Ent. Nachr. 10 (17) : 257-259

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Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.

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