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Vacerra Godman in Godman & Salvin, [1900]

Vacerra Godman, [1900]; in Godman & Salvin, Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 521, TS: Hesperia litana Hewitson
Vaccera ; Bell, 1931, (missp.)
Vacerra (Hesperiinae) ; [NL4A, 82]

Vacerra bonfilius (Latreille, [1824])

-. See [About maps] Hesperia bonfilius Latreille, [1824]; in Godart, Ency. méth. 9 (2): 748, TL: Brazil
Vacerra bonfilius ; [NL4A, #2225]

V. b. bonfilius

Brazil Goniloba caprotina Herrich-Schäffer, 1869

= ; [NL4A, #2225a]

?Goniloba caprotina Herrich-Schäffer, 1868; Prodr. Syst. Lep. 3: 71
Hesperia archytas Plötz, 1882; (nom. nud.), TL: "N.Amer."

= ; [NL4A, #2225a]

bonfilsii ; Mabille, 1904, (missp.)
Vacerra bonfilius bonfilius ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 166; [NL4A, #2225a]

V. b. aeas (Plötz, 1882)

Panama Hesperia aeas Plötz, 1882; Stettin ent. Ztg 43 (10-12): 439, TL: Panama, Chiriqui
Hesperia cabenta Plötz, 1882; , TL: S. Amer.

= ; [NL4A, #2225b]

aeos ; Draudt, 1923, (missp.)
Vacerra bonfilius aeas ; [NL4A, #2225b]

V. b. bonta Evans, 1955

Bolivia bonfilius bonta Evans, 1955; , TL: Bolivia
Vacerra bonfilius bonta ; [NL4A, #2225c]

V. b. litana (Hewitson, 1866)

Venezuela Hesperia litana Hewitson, [1866]; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 2 (6) : 494, TL: Venezuela
Vacerra litana, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Vacerra litana, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Hesperia litana ; Hewitson, 1873, Ill. exot. Butts [5] (Hesperia V*-VI): [107], pl. [54], f. 42-43
Vacerra litana ; Godman & Salvin, [1900], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 522, 3: pl. 97, f. 3-8; [BOW: pl. 88, f. 11 (text)]
Vacerra bonfilius litana ; [NL4A, #2225d]

Vacerra caniola (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Costa Rica. See [About maps] Goniloba caniola Herrich-Schäffer, 1869
Vacerra caniola ; [BOW: pl. 88, f. 11 (text)]; [NL4A, #2226]

V. c. caniola

Costa Rica, ... Carystus canente Butler, 1870; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4) : 501, TL: ?Costa Rica

= ; [NL4A, #2226a]

canenta ; Plötz, 1882, (missp.)
cannente ; Hayward, 1973, (missp.)
Vacerra canente ; Godman & Salvin, [1900], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 523, 3: pl. 97, f. 14-16
Vacerra caniola caniola ; [NL4A, #2226a]

V. c. elva Evans, 1955

Peru caniola elva Evans, 1955; , TL: Peru
Vacerra caniola elva ; [NL4A, #2226b]

Vacerra egla (Hewitson, 1877)

-. See [About maps] Hesperia egla Hewitson, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 19 (109) : 82, TL: Panama
Vacerra egla ; Godman & Salvin, [1900], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 522, 3: pl. 97, f. 9-11; [BOW: pl. 88, f. 11]; [NL4A, #2228]

V. e. egla

Panama, ...? Hesperia socles Plötz, 1882; , TL: S.Amer.

= ; [NL4A, #2228a]

Vacerra egla egla ; [NL4A, #2228a]

V. e. gayra (Dyar, 1918)

Mexico, ...? Thespieus gayra Dyar, 1918; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 54 (2239) : 339, TL: Naranjo, Guerrero, Mexico
Vacerra gayra, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Vacerra gayra, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Vacerra gayra ;
Vacerra egla gayra ; [NL4A, #2228b]

Vacerra evansi Hayward, 1938

Argentina. See [About maps] Vacerra evansi Hayward, 1938; , TL: Argentina
Vacerra evansi ; [NL4A, #2229]

Vacerra hermesia (Hewitson, 1870)

Peru. See [About maps] Hesperia hermesia Hewitson, 1870; , TL: Ecuador
Vacerra hermesia ; [BOW: pl. 88, f. 12]; [NL4A, #2230]

V. h. hermesia

Ecuador Vacerra hermesia hermesia ; [NL4A, #2230a]

V. h. cecrotperus (Draudt, 1923)

Bolivia hermesia cecrotperus (Draudt, 1923) (Xeniades); , TL: Bolivia
Vacerra hermesia cecrotperus ; [NL4A, #2230b]

Vacerra lachares Godman, [1900]

Costa Rica. See [About maps] Vacerra lachares Godman, [1900]; in Godman & Salvin, Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 523, 3: pl. 97, f. 12-13, TL: Costa Rica, Irazu
lacheres ; DeVries, 1983, (missp.)
Vacerra lachares ; [NL4A, #2231]

Vacerra molla Bell, 1959

Ecuador. See [About maps] Vacerra molla Bell, 1959; , TL: Ecuador
Vacerra molla ; [NL4A, #2232]

24.12.2011 (8)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[BCA]

electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA

[BOA]

Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America

[BOW]

Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X

[ILMB]

Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies

[JLS]

Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles

[NL4A]

Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea

Some related literature:

Brown & Mielke, 1967

Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera (continued) J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 145-168

Butler, 1870

Descriptions of some new diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly Hesperiidae Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4) : 485-520

Dyar, 1918

Descriptions of new Lepidoptera from Mexico Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 54 (2239) : 335-372

Godman & Salvin, [1900]; Godman in Godman & Salvin, [1900]

Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112

Hewitson, 1873

Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson Ill. exot. Butts [5] : (Systematic Index) V, (Anteros): [1-2], pl. [1] (1867), (Erycina & Necyria): [3-4], pl. [2] (1870), (Erycina Symmachia &c): [5-6], pl. [3] (1875), (Necyria & Esthemopsis): [7-8], pl. [4] (1872), (Calydna): [9-10], pl. [5] (1854), (Calydna II): [11-12], pl. [6] (1859), (Theope): [13-14], pl. [7] (1860), (Symmachia): [15-16], pl. [8] (1867), (Symmachia & Charis II): [17-18], pl. [9] (1871), (Charis): [19-20], pl. [10] (1866), (Emesis): [21-22], pl. [11] (1872), (Nymphidium I): [23-24], pl. [12] (1853), (Nymphidium II-III): [25-28], pl. [13-14] (1865), (Nymphidium IV): [29-30], pl. [15] (1871), (Lemonias I): [31-32], pl. [16] (1853), (Lemonias II): [33-34], pl. [17] (1858), (Lemonias III-IV): [35-38], pl. [18-19] (1863), (Lemonias V): [39-40], pl. [20] (1872), (Lemonias & Baeotis): [41-42], pl. [21] (1875), (Lemonias & Baeotis): [43-44], pl. [22] (1874), (Pachythone & Cremna): [45-46], pl. [23] (1873), (Hades, Uraneis, &c): [47-48], pl. [24] (1870), (Limnas I-II): [49-52], pl. [25-26] (1853), (Limnas & Panara): [53-54], pl. [27] (1875), (Limnas &c): [55-56], pl. [28] (1876), (Limnas & Ithomeis): [57-58], pl. [29] (1870), (Chamaelimnas & Ithomiola): [59-60], pl. [30] (1871), (Hermathena &c): [61-62], pl. [31] (1875), (Ogyris): [63-64], pl. [32] (1853), (Pentila & Liptena): [65-66], pl. [33] (1866), (Pentila & Liptena II): [67-68], pl. [34] (1873), (Lycaena): [69-70], pl. [35] (1876), (Pyrrhopyga I-II): [71-74], pl. [36-37] (1857), (Pyrrhopyga): [75-76], pl. [38] (1869), (Pyrrhopyga II-III): [77-80], pl. [39-40] (1871), (Pyrrhopyga IV): [81-82], pl. [41] (1873), (Pyrrhopyga V & Erycides): [83-84], pl. [42] (1875), (Ismene I-II): [85-88], pl. [43-44] (1867), (Eudamus): [89-90], pl. [45] (1873), (Eudamus II-III): [91-94], pl. [46-47] (1875), (Chaetocneme): [95-96], pl. [48] (1874), (Hesperia I-II): [97-100], pl. [49-50] (1867), (Hesperia III): [101-102], pl. [51] (1868), (Hesperia IV): [103-104], pl. [52] (1869), (Hesperia V): [105-106], pl. [53] (1872), (Hesperia V*-VI): [107-110], pl. [54-55] (1873), (Hesperia VII): [111-112], pl. [56] (1876), (Leucochitonea): [113-114], pl. [57] (1869), (Leucochitonea II): [115-116], pl. [58] (1875), (Pterygospidea): [117-118], pl. [59] (1873), (Cyclopides): [119-120], pl. [60] (1874), (Cyclopides & Hesperilla): [121-122], pl. [61] (1874)

Hewitson, [1866]

Descriptions of new Hesperidae Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 2 (6) : 479-501

Hewitson, 1877

Descriptions of twenty-five new Species of Hesperidae Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 19 (109) : 76-85

Latreille, [1824]

Encylopédie Méthodique. Histoire naturelle. Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustacés, des arachnides et des insectes in Godart, Ency. méth. 9 (2): 329-828

Plötz, 1882

Die Hesperiinen -- Gattung Hesperia Aut. und ihre Arten. (1) & (2) Stettin ent. Ztg 43 (7-9): 314-344, (10-12): 436-456

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.