(Heidelberg Catechism, extended... part 2)
Q. 13.
Can we ourselves then make this satisfaction?
A.
By no means;
but on the contrary we daily increase our debt. (a)
(a)
Job 9:2 I know it is so of a truth: but how should man be just with
God?
Job 9:3 If he will contend with him, he cannot answer him one of a
thousand.
Job 15:15 Behold, he putteth no trust in his saints; yea, the heavens
are not clean in his sight.
Job 15:16 How much more abominable and filthy is man, which drinketh
iniquity like water?
Job 4:18 Behold, he put no trust in his servants; and his angels he
charged with folly:
Job 4:19 How much less in them that dwell in houses of clay, whose
foundation is in the dust, which are crushed before the moth?
Ps.130:3 If thou, LORD, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall
stand?
Matt.6:12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.
Matt.18:25 But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him
to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and
payment to be made.
Matt.16:26 For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole
world, and lose his own soul? or what shall a man give in exchange for
his soul?
Q. 14.
Can there be found anywhere, one, who is a mere creature, able to
satisfy for us?
A.
None; for,
first, God will not punish any other creature for the sin
which man has committed; (a)
and further, no mere creature
can sustain the burden of God's eternal wrath against sin,
so as to deliver others from it. (b)
(a)
Ezek.18:4 Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so
also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die.
Gen.3:17 And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the
voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded
thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy
sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life;
Heb.2:14 Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and
blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through
death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the
devil;
Heb.2:15 And deliver them who through fear of death were all their
lifetime subject to bondage.
Heb.2:16 For verily he took not on him the nature of angels; but he
took on him the seed of Abraham.
Heb.2:17 Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto
his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in
things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the
people.
(b)
Nah.1:6 Who can stand before his indignation? and who can abide in the
fierceness of his anger? his fury is poured out like fire, and the
rocks are thrown down by him.
Ps.130:3 If thou, LORD, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall
stand?
Q. 15.
What sort of a mediator and deliverer then must we seek for?
A.
For one who is very man,
and perfectly (a)
righteous; (b)
and yet more powerful than all creatures;
that is, one who is also very God. (c)
(a)
1 Cor.15:21 For since by man came death, by man came also the
resurrection of the dead.
Jer.33:16 In those days shall Judah be saved, and Jerusalem shall
dwell safely: and this is the name wherewith she shall be called, The
LORD our righteousness.
Isa.53:9 And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in
his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in
his mouth.
2 Cor.5:21 For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin;
that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.
(b)
Heb.7:26 For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless,
undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;
Heb.7:16 Who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but
after the power of an endless life.
(c)
Isa.7:14 Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a
virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name
Immanuel.
Isa.9:6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the
government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called
Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The
Prince of Peace.
Rom.9:5 Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh
Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.
Jer.23:5 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto
David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and
shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
Jer.23:6 In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell
safely: and this is his name whereby he shall be called, THE LORD OUR
RIGHTEOUSNESS.
Luke 11:22 But when a stronger than he (a stromg man armed) shall come
upon him, and overcome him, he taketh from him all his armour wherein
he trusted, and divideth his spoils.
6. Lord's day
Q. 16. Why must he be very man, and also perfectly righteous?
A.
Because the justice of God requires
that the same human nature
which has sinned,
should likewise make satisfaction for sin; (a)
and one,
who is himself a sinner,
cannot satisfy for others. (b)
(a)
Ezek.18:4 Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so
also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die.
Ezek.18:20 The soul that sinneth, it shall die. The son shall not bear
the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity
of the son: the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and
the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him.
Rom.5:12 Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and
death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have
sinned:
Rom.5:15 But not as the offence, so also is the free gift. For if
through the offence of one many be dead, much more the grace of God,
and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, hath
abounded unto many.
Rom.5:18 Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men
to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift
came upon all men unto justification of life.
1 Cor.15:21 For since by man came death, by man came also the
resurrection of the dead.
Heb.2:14 Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and
blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through
death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the
devil;
Heb.2:15 And deliver them who through fear of death were all their
lifetime subject to bondage.
Heb.2:16 For verily he took not on him the nature of angels; but he
took on him the seed of Abraham.
1 Pet.3:18 For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for
the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the
flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:
Isa.53:3 He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and
acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he
was despised, and we esteemed him not.
Isa.53:4 Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet
we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.
Isa.53:5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for
our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with
his stripes we are healed.
Isa.53:10 Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to
grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see
his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD
shall prosper in his hand.
Isa.53:11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be
satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many;
for he shall bear their iniquities.
(b)
Heb.7:26 For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless,
undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;
Heb.7:27 Who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up
sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people's: for this
he did once, when he offered up himself.
Ps.49:7 None of them can by any means redeem his brother, nor give to
God a ransom for him:
Ps.49:8 (For the redemption of their soul is precious, and it ceaseth
for ever:)
1 Pet.3:18 For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for
the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the
flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:
Q. 17.
Why must he in one person be also very God?
A.
That he might,
by the power of his Godhead (a)
sustain in his human nature, (b)
the burden of God's wrath; (c)
and might obtain for, and restore to us, righteousness and life. (d)
(a)
Isa.9:6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the
government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called
Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The
Prince of Peace.
Isa.63:3 I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the people there
was none with me: for I will tread them in mine anger, and trample
them in my fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon my garments,
and I will stain all my raiment.
(b)
Isa.53:4 Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet
we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.
Isa.53:11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be
satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many;
for he shall bear their iniquities.
(c)
Deut.4:24 For the LORD thy God is a consuming fire, even a jealous
God.
Nah.1:6 Who can stand before his indignation? and who can abide in the
fierceness of his anger? his fury is poured out like fire, and the
rocks are thrown down by him.
Ps.130:3 If thou, LORD, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall
stand?
(d)
Isa.53:5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for
our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with
his stripes we are healed.
Isa.53:11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be
satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many;
for he shall bear their iniquities.
Acts 2:24 Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death:
because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.
1 Pet.3:18 For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for
the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the
flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:
John 3:16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have
everlasting life.
Acts 20:28 Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock,
over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the
church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.
John 1:4 In him was life; and the life was the light of men.
Q. 18.
Who then is that Mediator,
who is in one person both very God, (a)
and a real (b)
righteous man? (c)
A.
Our Lord Jesus Christ: (d)
"who of God
is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification,
and redemption." (e)
(a)
1 John 5:20 And we know that the Son of God is come, and hath given us
an understanding, that we may know him that is true, and we are in him
that is true, even in his Son Jesus Christ. This is the true God, and
eternal life.
Rom.9:5 Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh
Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.
Rom.8:3 For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the
flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and
for sin, condemned sin in the flesh:
Gal.4:4 But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his
Son, made of a woman, made under the law,
Isa.9:6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the
government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called
Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The
Prince of Peace.
Jer.23:6 In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell
safely: and this is his name whereby he shall be called, THE LORD OUR
RIGHTEOUSNESS.
Mal.3:1 Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way
before me: and the Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his
temple, even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in:
behold, he shall come, saith the LORD of hosts.
(b)
Luke 1:42 And she (Elisabeth) spake out with a loud voice, and said,
Blessed art thou (Mary) among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy
womb.
Luke 2:6 And so it was, that, while they were there, the days were
accomplished that she should be delivered.
Luke 2:7 And she brought forth her firstborn son, and wrapped him in
swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger; because there was no room
for them in the inn.
Rom.1:3 Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of
the seed of David according to the flesh;
Rom.9:5 Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh
Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.
Philip.2:7 But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the
form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men:
Heb.2:14 Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and
blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through
death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the
devil;
Heb.2:16 For verily he took not on him the nature of angels; but he
took on him the seed of Abraham.
Heb.2:17 Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto
his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in
things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the
people.
Heb.4:15 For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with
the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as
we are, yet without sin.
(c)
Isa.53:9 And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in
his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in
his mouth.
Isa.53:11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be
satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many;
for he shall bear their iniquities.
Jer.23:5 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto
David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and
shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
Luke 1:35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost
shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow
thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall
be called the Son of God.
John 8:46 Which of you convinceth me of sin? And if I say the truth,
why do ye not believe me?
Heb.4:15 For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with
the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as
we are, yet without sin.
Heb.7:26 For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless,
undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;
1 Pet.1:19 But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without
blemish and without spot:
1 Pet.2:22 Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth:
1 Pet.3:18 For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for
the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the
flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:
(d)
1 Tim.2:5 For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men,
the man Christ Jesus;
Heb.2:9 But we see Jesus, who was made a little lower than the angels
for the suffering of death, crowned with glory and honour; that he by
the grace of God should taste death for every man.
Matt.1:23 Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth
a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted
is, God with us.
1 Tim.3:16 And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness:
God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of
angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received
up into glory.
Luke 2:11 For unto you is born this day in the city of David a
Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.
(e)
1 Cor.1:30 But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto
us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption:
Q. 19.
Whence knowest thou this?
A.
From the holy gospel,
which God himself first revealed in Paradise; (a)
and afterwards published by the patriarchs (b)
and prophets, (c)
and represented by the sacrifices and other ceremonies of the law; (d)
and lastly, has fulfilled it by his only begotten Son. (e)
(a)
Gen.3:15 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between
thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise
his heel.
(b)
Gen.22:18 And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be
blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.
Gen.12:3 And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that
curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.
Gen.49:10 The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from
between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering
of the people be.
Gen.49:11 Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the
choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the
blood of grapes:
(c)
Isaiah 53.
Isa.42:1 Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul
delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring forth
judgment to the Gentiles.
Isa.42:2 He shall not cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be
heard in the street.
Isa.42:3 A bruised reed shall he not break, and the smoking flax shall
he not quench: he shall bring forth judgment unto truth.
Isa.42:4 He shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set
judgment in the earth: and the isles shall wait for his law.
Isa.43:25 I, even I, am he that blotteth out thy transgressions for
mine own sake, and will not remember thy sins.
Isa.49:5 And now, saith the LORD that formed me from the womb to be
his servant, to bring Jacob again to him, Though Israel be not
gathered, yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the LORD, and my God
shall be my strength.
Isa.49:6 And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldest be my
servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved
of Israel: I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that
thou mayest be my salvation unto the end of the earth.
Isa.49:22 Thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I will lift up mine hand to
the Gentiles, and set up my standard to the people: and they shall
bring thy sons in their arms, and thy daughters shall be carried upon
their shoulders.
Isa.49:23 And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy
nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their face toward
the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that
I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.
Jer.23:5 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto
David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and
shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
Jer.23:6 In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell
safely: and this is his name whereby he shall be called, THE LORD OUR
RIGHTEOUSNESS.
Jer.31:32 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers
in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land
of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto
them, saith the LORD:
Jer.31:33 But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the
house of Israel; After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my law
in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their
God, and they shall be my people.
Jer.32:39 And I will give them one heart, and one way, that they may
fear me for ever, for the good of them, and of their children after
them:
Jer.32:40 And I will make an everlasting covenant with them, that I
will not turn away from them, to do them good; but I will put my fear
in their hearts, that they shall not depart from me.
Jer.32:41 Yea, I will rejoice over them to do them good, and I will
plant them in this land assuredly with my whole heart and with my
whole soul.
Mic.7:18 Who is a God like unto thee, that pardoneth iniquity, and
passeth by the transgression of the remnant of his heritage? he
retaineth not his anger for ever, because he delighteth in mercy.
Mic.7:19 He will turn again, he will have compassion upon us; he will
subdue our iniquities; and thou wilt cast all their sins into the
depths of the sea.
Mic.7:20 Thou wilt perform the truth to Jacob, and the mercy to
Abraham, which thou hast sworn unto our fathers from the days of old.
Acts 10:43 To him give all the prophets witness, that through his name
whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins.
Rom.1:2 (Which he had promised afore by his prophets in the holy
scriptures,)
Heb.1:1 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time
past unto the fathers by the prophets,
Acts 3:22 For Moses truly said unto the fathers, A prophet shall the
Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him
shall ye hear in all things whatsoever he shall say unto you.
Acts 3:23 And it shall come to pass, that every soul, which will not
hear that prophet, shall be destroyed from among the people.
Acts 3:24 Yea, and all the prophets from Samuel and those that follow
after, as many as have spoken, have likewise foretold of these days.
Acts 10:43 To him give all the prophets witness, that through his name
whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins.
John 5:46 For had ye believed Moses, ye would have believed me: for he
wrote of me.
(d)
Heb.10:1 For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not
the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which
they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto
perfect.
Heb.10:7 Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is
written of me,) to do thy will, O God.
Col.2:7 Rooted and built up in him, and stablished in the faith, as ye
have been taught, abounding therein with thanksgiving.
John 5:46 For had ye believed Moses, ye would have believed me: for he
wrote of me.
(e)
Rom.10:4 For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every
one that believeth.
Gal.4:4 But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his
Son, made of a woman, made under the law,
Gal.4:5 To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive
the adoption of sons.
Gal.3:24 Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto
Christ, that we might be justified by faith.
Col.2:17 Which are a shadow of things to come; but the body is of
Christ.
7. Lord's Day
Q. 20.
Are all men then, as they perished in Adam,
saved by Christ?
A.
No; (a)
only those
who are ingrafted into him,
and, receive all his benefits,
by a true faith. (b)
(a)
Matt.7:14 Because strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, which
leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it.
Matt.22:14 For many are called, but few are chosen.
(b)
Mark 16:16 He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he
that believeth not shall be damned.
John 1:12 But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become
the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name:
John 3:16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have
everlasting life.
John 3:18 He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that
believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in
the name of the only begotten Son of God.
John 3:36 He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he
that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God
abideth on him.
Isa.53:11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be
satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many;
for he shall bear their iniquities.
Ps.2:12 Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way,
when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed are all they that put
their trust in him.
Rom.11:17 And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a
wild olive tree, wert graffed in among them, and with them partakest
of the root and fatness of the olive tree;
Rom.11:19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I
might be graffed in.
Rom.11:20 Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou
standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear:
Rom.3:22 Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus
Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no
difference:
Heb.4:2 For unto us was the gospel preached, as well as unto them: but
the word preached did not profit them, not being mixed with faith in
them that heard it.
Heb.4:3 For we which have believed do enter into rest, as he said, As
I have sworn in my wrath, if they shall enter into my rest: although
the works were finished from the foundation of the world.
Heb.5:9 And being made perfect, he became the author of eternal
salvation unto all them that obey him;
Heb.10:39 But we are not of them who draw back unto perdition; but of
them that believe to the saving of the soul.
Heb.11:6 But without faith it is impossible to please him: for he that
cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of
them that diligently seek him.
(continued in part 3...)
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