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Betula L.

Koivut Birches
Betula, Biota of North America Program (query database) [BONAP]
Betula, Den Virtuella Floran [DVF]
Betula (Betulaceae) ; [GNSP]

Foodplants for Achlya flavicornis, Acleris (tortrix) literana, A. emargana emargana, A. lipsiana, A. logiana, A. notana, A. rubivorella, A. sparsana, Acrobasis betulella, Acronicta alni, A. auricoma, A. cuspis, A. euphorbiae, A. leporina, A. menyanthidis, A. psi, A. rumicis, A. tridens, Actias artemis, Aethalura punctulata, Aglia tau, Agonopterix ocellana, Agriopis aurantiaria, Agrochola lota, Alcis repandatus, Aldania deliquata, Anacampsis blattariella, Anaplectoides pressus, Andropolia contacta, Angerona prunaria, Antheraea korintjiana, A. pernyi, A. polyphemus, Aporia crataegi, Archiearis (noctua) parthenias, Arctia caja, Arge dimidiata, A. fuscipes, Argyresthia brockeella, A. glaucinella, A. goedartella, A. retinella, Atemelia torquatella, Autographa ampla, A. pulchrina, Biston betularius, Brachionycha nubeculosa, B. nubeculosa, Cabera pusaria, Calliteara pudibunda, Callophrys rubi, Campaea margaritata, Canephora hirsuta, Catocala fraxini, Ceramica pisi, Ceratomia amyntor, Cerura (bombyx) erminea, Cheimophila salicella, Chlorissa (geometra) viridata, Chloroclysta siterata, Choreutis diana, C. montana, C. pariana, Clossiana frigga, Cochylis nana, Coleophora alnifoliae, C. anatipenella, C. betulella, C. binderella, C. cornutella, C. fuscocuprella, C. ibipennella, C. lusciniaepennella, C. milvipennis, C. orbitella, C. potentillae, C. serratella, C. siccifolia, C. violacea, Colocasia coryli, Conistra (noctua) vaccinii, Cosmia (noctua) trapezina, Cossus cossus, Crocallis elinguaria, Cyclophora albipunctata, C. albipunctata, C. pendularia, Cydia cornucopiae, Cypa uniformis pallens, Dasychira obliquata, D. vagans vagans, Diaphora mendica, Diarsia florida, Drepana binaria, D. curvatula, D. falcataria, Drymonia dodonaea, D. obliterata, Dysstroma truncata, Ectoedemia occultella, Electrophaes corylata, Elophos vittaria, Ematurga atomaria, Enargia (noctua) paleacea, Endromis versicolora, Ennomos autumnarius, Entephria caesiata, Epione vespertaria, Epirrita autumnata, Erannis defoliaria, Eriogaster catax, E. lanestris, Erynnis icelus, Euphydryas maturna, Euplexia lucipara, Euproctis similis, Eupsilia transversa, Euzophera fuliginosella, Exaeretia ciniflonella, Falcaria lacertinaria, Furcula bicuspis, F. furcula?, Geometra (geometra) papilionaria, Graphiphora augur, Gynaephora (bombyx) selenitica, Harpyia milhauseri, Herminia tarsipennalis, Hyalophora euryalus, Hypomecis punctinalis, H. roboraria, Hyppa (noctua) rectilinea, Idia calvaria, Jodis (geometra) lactearia, Konowia betulae, K. megapolitana, Lacanobia contigua, L. suasa, L. thalassina, L. w-latinum, Lasiocampa quercus, Leucodonta bicoloria, L. bicoloria, Limenitis arthemis, Lithophane disposita, L. socia, Lycia hirtaria, L. pomonaria, Lymantria dispar, L. monacha, Macaria alternata, M. notata, Macrothylacia rubi, Malacosoma neustria, Mesothea incertata viridipennata, Mimas tiliae, Mniotype bathensis, Neofaculta infernella, Nola aerugula, Notodonta dromedarius, N. tritophus, Nymphalis antiopa, N. c-album, N. faunus, Ochropacha duplaris, Odonestis pruni, Odontopera bidentata, Odontosia (bombyx) carmelita, O. sieversi, Operophtera (geometra) brumata, O. fagata, Opisthograptis luteolata, Orgyia antiqua, O. definita, Ortholepis betulae, Orthosia gothica, O. incerta, Paonias excaecata, Papestra biren, Paradarisa consonaria, Parasemia plantaginis, Pempelia formosa, Peridea anceps, Pheosia gnoma, Phyllodesma americana, P. japonicum, P. tremulifolium, Plagodis dolabraria, P. pulveraria, Polia bombycina, P. nebulosa, Proutia rotunda, Pseudoips prasinanus, Psyche casta, P. crassiorella, Ptilodon capucinus, Ptilophora plumigera, Pyla fusca, Rheumaptera hastata, R. undulata, Roeslerstammia erxlebella, Sabra harpagula, Saturnia pavonia, Selenia dentaria, Semioscopis avellanella, S. oculella, Smerinthus caecus, S. jamaicensis, S. ocellatus, Speranza boreata, S. exauspicata, S. loricaria?, S. lorquinaria, Sphinx luscitiosa, Stauropus fagi, Sterrhopterix standfussi, Stigmella continuella, Swammerdamia caesiella, Synanthedon culiciformis, S. myopaeformis, S. scoliaeformis, S. spheciformis, S. spuleri, S. vespiformis, Syngrapha diasema, S. interrogationis, S. parilis, Teleiodes alburnella, T. paripunctella, Tetheella fluctuosa, Thalera fimbrialis, Tolype velleda, Tremex columba, T. fuscicornis, T. magus, Trichiosoma vitellinae?, Trichosea ludifica, Xestia baja, Xiphydria camelus, X. longicollis, X. picta, X. prolongata, Ypsolopha parenthesella

Betula pendula Roth

Europe. See [About maps] Rauduskoivu Silver Birch Vårtbjörk European White Birch
Betula verrucosa Ehrh.
Betula verrucosa, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
Betula pendula ; [RK, 98]; [IBT, 439]

500x747 (~76Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 671:53, 3.8.1996, Photo © Markku Savela

400x561 (~20Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 671:53, 3.8.1996, Photo © Markku Savela

540x782 (~52Kb) FINLAND: N: Espoo, Tapiola 667:37, 26.5.1997, Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Alsophila aescularia, Arge dimidiata, A. metallica, A. pullata, Chionodes viduella, Cimbex femoratus, Cyclophora albipunctata, Ectoedemia minimella, Hemithea (geometra) aestivaria, Konowia betulae, Lomaspilis opis?, Pamphilius pallipes, P. varius, Stigmella betulicola, S. confusella, S. lapponica, S. luteella, Synanthedon culiciformis, S. scoliaeformis, Teleiodes proximella, Trichiosoma laterale, T. lucorum

Foodplant as Betula verrucosa for Achlya flavicornis, Acronicta alni, A. auricoma, A. euphorbiae, A. leporina, A. psi, A. rumicis, Aethalura punctulata, Alcis repandatus, Arctia caja, Autographa gamma, Biston betularius, Calliteara pudibunda, Ceramica pisi, Chloroclysta miata, Cleora cinctaria, Colocasia coryli, Cosmia (noctua) trapezina, Cossus cossus, Crocallis elinguaria, Cyclophora albipunctata, Dicallomera fascelina, Drepana falcataria, Ectropis crepuscularia, Ematurga atomaria, Endromis versicolora, Eriogaster lanestris, Eupithecia satyrata, Falcaria lacertinaria, Furcula bicuspis, Geometra (geometra) papilionaria, Gynaephora (bombyx) selenitica, Hyles gallii, Lacanobia contigua, Lasiocampa quercus, Lomaspilis marginata, Lycia hirtaria, L. pomonaria, Macrothylacia rubi, Melanchra persicariae, Mimas tiliae, Moma (noctua) alpium, Notodonta dromedarius, Nymphalis antiopa, Ochropacha duplaris, Odontosia (bombyx) carmelita, Operophtera fagata, Orgyia antiqua, O. recens, Pachytelia villosella, Phalera bucephala, Pheosia gnoma, Poecilocampa populi, Ptilodon capucinus, Rheumaptera hastata, R. undulata, Saturnia pavonia, Selenia tetralunaria, Sterrhopterix standfussi, Synanthedon scoliaeformis, Trichiura crataegi, Xestia baja

B. p. var. pendula

Etelänrauduskoivu Vårtbjörk
Betula pendula var. pendula ; [RK, 99]

B. p. var. pendula f. crispa (Rchb) Hämet-Ahti

Loimaankoivu

B. p. var. pendula f. birkalensis (Mela) Hämet-Ahti

Pirkkalankoivu

B. p. var. carelica (Merckl.) Hämet-Ahti

Visakoivu Masurbjörk
Betula pendula var. carelica ; [RK, 99]

B. p. var. lapponica (Lindq.) Hämet-Ahti

Betula pendula var. lapponica ; [RK, 99]

Betula pendula × pubescens

Betula × aurata Borkh.

Betula pubescens Ehrh.

Hieskoivu Downy Birch Glasbjörk

incl. callosa Notö Betula carpatica Willd.

Betula concinna Gunnarsson Betula coriacea Gunnarsson

Betula pubescens ; [RK, 99]

Foodplant for Abraxas sylvatus, Achlya flavicornis, Acronicta alni, A. leporina, A. psi, Archiearis (noctua) parthenias, Arge dimidiata, A. ustulata, Atemelia torquatella, Biston betularius, Ceramica pisi, Chloroclysta miata, Cimbex femoratus, Coleophora fuscocuprella, Colocasia coryli, Cosmia (noctua) trapezina, Cossus cossus, Cyclophora albipunctata, C. albipunctata, Dicallomera fascelina, Drepana falcataria, Ectoedemia minimella, Ectropis crepuscularia, Electrophaes corylata, Ematurga atomaria, Endromis versicolora, Epirrita autumnata, Eriogaster lanestris, Eupithecia satyrata, Falcaria lacertinaria, Furcula bicuspis, Geometra (geometra) papilionaria, Gynaephora (bombyx) selenitica, Hemithea (geometra) aestivaria, Konowia betulae, Lithophane socia, Lobophora halterata, Lycia hirtaria, Macaria notata, Moma (noctua) alpium, Ochropacha duplaris, Odontopera bidentata, Odontosia (bombyx) carmelita, Operophtera (geometra) brumata, Opisthograptis luteolata, Orgyia antiqua, O. recens, Pamphilius pallipes, P. varius, Phalera bucephala, Pheosia gnoma, Poecilocampa populi, Proutia rotunda, Psyche crassiorella, Ptilodon capucinus, Rheumaptera hastata, R. subhastata, R. undulata, Saturnia pavonia, Selenia dentaria, S. tetralunaria, Sterrhopterix standfussi, Stigmella betulicola, S. confusella, S. lapponica, S. luteella, Synanthedon culiciformis, S. scoliaeformis, S. spheciformis, Teleiodes paripunctella, T. proximella, Trichiosoma lucorum, T. scalesii, Trichiura crataegi

B. p. pubescens

Metsähieskoivu Glasbjörk
Betula pubescens pubescens ; [RK, 99]

B. p. pubescens f. rubra T. Ulvinen

Punakoivu

B. p. pubescens f. hibernifolia T. Ulvinen

Riepukoivu

B. p. czerepanovii (N. I. Orlova) Hämet-Ahti

Tunturikoivu Fjällbjörk
Betula czerepanovii N. I. Orlova
Betula tortuosa auct.
Betula pubescens czerepanovii ; [RK, 99]

450x600 (~117Kb) Finland, Kilpisjärvi, 29.7.2004, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Foodplant as Betula tortuosa for Archiearis (noctua) parthenias, Syngrapha parilis

B. p. czerepanovii var. appressa Kallio & Y. Mäkinen

Kiilopäänkoivu

Betula nana L.

Vaivaiskoivu Dwarf Birch Dvärgbjörk
Betula nana, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
Betula nana ; [RK, 99]

552x740 (~33Kb) Finland, Vehkalahti, Kitula, 04.07.1991, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Foodplant for Acleris caryosphena, A. fimbriana, A. implexana ferrumixtana, Agrochola (bombyx) helvola, Archiearis (noctua) parthenias, Chionodes viduella, Coenophila subrosea, Cyclophora albipunctata, C. albipunctata, Dicallomera fascelina, Drepana falcataria, Ectoedemia minimella, Elophos vittaria, Entephria caesiata, E. polata, Epirrita autumnata, Eriogaster lanestris, Eulithis populata, Glacies (noctua) coracina, Lasiocampa quercus, Lycia pomonaria, L. zonaria, Orgyia recens, Ortholepis vacciniella, Pararctia lapponica, Phalacropterix graslinella, Saturnia pavonia, Sterrhopterix standfussi, Stigmella betulicola, S. confusella, S. continuella, S. lapponica, S. luteella, S. tristis, Swammerdamia passerella, Sympistis funebris, Syngrapha diasema, S. interrogationis, S. microgamma, S. parilis, Teleiodes paripunctella, Trichiosoma sp.1, Trichiura crataegi, Udea inquinatalis, Xestia alpicola, X. speciosa, X. tecta, Zygaena exulans

B. n. rotundifolia Spach

Round-leaved Dwarf Birch
Betula rotundifolia ; [Oleg Kosterin]

798x534 (~172Kb) A subalpine Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) parkland, 2000 m above sea level, the Seminskii Pass through the Seminskii Mt. Range, Altai Mts., 9th July 1999, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Betula nana × pendula

Betula × bottnica Mela
Betula × fennica Dörfl.
Betula nana × pendula ; [RK, 100]

Betula nana × pubescens

Betula × intermedia Thomas ex Gaudin
Betula nana × pubescens ; [RK, 100]

Betula davurica Pall.

Betula davurica ; [Oleg Kosterin]

400x624 (~92Kb) A gentle eastern slope of a mountain on the Argun' River left bank 10 km S of the village Uryupino, Gazimurskozavodskoi District, E Chita Province, E Transbaikalia, Siberia, Russia. 27th July 1997, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Foodplant for Acleris logiana

Betula lenta L.

from (Maine - Ohio) - to (Delaware - NA.Georgia, Alabama). See [About maps] Black Birch Sweet Birch Cherry Birch
Betula lenta ; [IBT, 136]

Foodplant for Apocheima strigataria, Morrisonia latex, Papilio canadensis, Polia imbrifera, Pyreferra pettiti

Betula alleghaniensis Britton

from (Newfoundland - Manitoba) - to (Pennsylvania, Minnesota) - to (Applachians - NA.Georgia). See [About maps] Yellow Birch Silver Birch Gray Birch
Betula alleghaniensis ; [IBT, 138]

Foodplant for Hethemia pistasciaria pistasciaria, Pyreferra pettiti

Betula nigra L.

from (Massachusetts - Minnesota) - to (N.Florida - E.Texas). See [About maps] Red Birch River Birch
Betula nigra ; [IBT, 140]

Foodplant for Acrobasis betulivorella, Morrisonia latex, Nemoria bistriaria bistriaria, Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides

Betula populifolia Marsh.

from (Nova Scotia - Lake Ontario) - to (Delaware, Pennsylvania). See [About maps] Gray Birch Old Field Birch White Birch Poverty Birch Poplar Birch
Betula populifolia ; [IBT, 142]

Foodplant for Acrobasis betulella, Hemileuca lucina, Mesothea incertata incertata, Polia imbrifera, Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides, Speranza anataria

Betula papyrifera Marsh.

from (Labrador - Alaska) - to (Pennsylvania, Great Lakes) - Rocky Mountains, Washington. See [About maps] Paper Birch Canoe Birch White Birch Silver Birch
Betula papyrifera ; [IBT, 144]

Foodplant for Acrobasis betulella, Actias luna, Hethemia pistasciaria pistasciaria, Hyalophora columbia, Malacosoma disstria, Morrisonia latex, Nealgedonia extricalis, Nymphalis j-album, Papilio canadensis, Speranza anataria

B. p. var. cordifolia (Reg.) Fern.

Mountain Paper Birch
Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia ; [IBT, 146]

10.1.2003 (16)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[BONAP]

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands; A data base interface; BONAP U.S. Checklist - 1998; Provided by TAMU-BWG; Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group; Based on; Biota of North America Program

[DVF]

Den Virtuella floran; http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/welcome.html; Ett projekt vid Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Stockholm, Sweden).; Even for non-Swedish speaker, the distribution maps on species are nice (map buttons "Norden" and "Norra halvklotet")

[GNSP]

Wielgorskaya, 1995; Dictionary of generic names of seed plants

[Harri Arkkio]

Finland; For the time being these pictures are only for this site. Other usage not allowed.

[IBT]

Grimm, 1983; The Illustrated Book of Trees

[Oleg Kosterin]

Institue of Cytology & Genetics; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk; e-mail: Oleg Kosterin; http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/

[RK]

Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. (eds), 1998; Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finland); Ed. 4. 656 pp.; Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum. Helsinki

[RUNEBERG]

Project Runeberg: Nordic literature online; Project Runeberg; Bilder ur Nordens Fauna (Carl Axel Magnus Lindman)

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.