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Photo	Silybum	Leuzea			(centaurea)
Goto:

Centaurea L.

Kaunokit Star Thistle Knapweed
Centaurea, Biota of North America Program (query database) [BONAP]
Centaurea, Den Virtuella Floran [DVF]
Centaurea (Asteraceae) ; [GNSP]

Foodplants for Agonopterix arenella, Cochylimorpha straminea, Coleophora conspicuella, C. frischella, C. paripennella, Dichagyris vallesiaca, Ematurga atomaria, Epicallia villica, Eublemma parva, Eupithecia centaureata, Macroglossum stellatarum, Melitaea aetherie algirica, M. phoebe, M. phoebe occitanica, Metzneria neuropterella, Nyctegretis lineana, Paratalanta hyalinalis, Pyrgus carthami, Sitochroa verticalis

600x788 (~56Kb) France, Sophia Antipolis, 5.10.2000, Photo © Markku Savela	908x1028 (~88Kb) Greece: Ipiros, Monodendri, Vikos, 10.6.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio	1184x923 (~141Kb) Greece: Ipiros, Monodendri, Vikos, 10.6.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio
700x908 (~81Kb) USA: on beach of North Umpqua River at Susan Creek, (43°17'50N 122°54'20W ±0.5km), Douglas Co. OR, 4.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela	600x889 (~56Kb) USA: on beach of North Umpqua River at Susan Creek, (43°17'50N 122°54'20W ±0.5km), Douglas Co. OR, 4.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela	700x1015 (~108Kb) USA: FR 9712 nr. Liberty, Lion Gulch, (47°15'47N 120°40'15W ±0.5km), Kittitas Co., WA, 14.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela
700x987 (~71Kb) USA: FR 9712 nr. Liberty, Lion Gulch, (47°15'47N 120°40'15W ±0.5km), Kittitas Co., WA, 14.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela	700x1050 (~145Kb) Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 8.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela	900x1290 (~117Kb) Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 8.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela

The exact identification of these species is still unknown, but tentatively assumed to belong into this group.

Centaurea scabiosa L.

Ketokaunokki Piennarkaunokki Greater Knapweed Väddklint
Centaurea scabiosa ; [RK, 441]; [SK, 560]; [GMBOT, 860]

identification uncertain 700x1050 (~145Kb) Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 8.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela

identification uncertain 900x1290 (~117Kb) Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 8.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Agonopterix kaekeritziana, A. pallorella, Cochylimorpha alternana, Melitaea phoebe occitanica, Metzneria aprilella, M. ehikeella, M. metzneriella, Myelois circumvoluta

Centaurea rhenana Boreau

Reininkaunokki Panicled Knapweed
Centaurea stoebe

697x1029 (~98Kb) Lithuania: Dzukija, Marcinkonys, railwaystation, 16.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio	1371x1028 (~193Kb) Lithuania: Trakai, Varnikai, 13.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio	1337x1015 (~169Kb) Lithuania: Trakai, Varnikai, 13.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio
1285x1021 (~156Kb) Lithuania: Trakai, Varnikai, 13.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio	909x1032 (~117Kb) Lithuania: Trakai, Varnikai, 13.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Foodplant as Centaurea stoebe for Cochylimorpha perfusana

Centaurea diffusa Lam.

Harakankaunokki Diffuse Knapweed Tumble Knapweed Bushy Knapweed Spretklint
Centaurea diffusa ; [RK, 441]; [FPN, 498]

Centaurea calcitrapa L.

Piikkikaunokki Red Star-thistle Caltrops Star Thistle Purple Star-thistle Uncommon Star-thistle Tistelklint
Centaurea calcitrapa ; [RK, 442]; [GMBOT, 860]; [FPN, 498]

996x979 (~128Kb) Greece: Ipiros, Karteri, 14.6.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio

1044x783 (~215Kb) Greece: Ipiros, Karteri, 14.6.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Centaurea solstitialis L.

Keltaorakaunokki Yellow Star-thistle Barnaby's Thistle Stjärnklint
Centaurea solstitialis ; [RK, 442]; [GMBOT, 860]; [FPN, 499]

identification uncertain 600x784 (~94Kb) USA: rest stop at I-5, near Grants Pass, (42°31'02N 123°21'49W ±0.5km), Josephine Co. OR, 4.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela

identification uncertain 700x1035 (~110Kb) USA: rest stop at I-5, near Grants Pass, (42°31'02N 123°21'49W ±0.5km), Josephine Co. OR, 4.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela

Centaurea melitensis L.

Maltankaunokki Maltese Star-thistle Tocalote Napa Thistle Maltaklint
Centaurea melitensis ; [RK, 442]; [GMBOT, 860]; [FPN, 499]

Centaurea jacea L.

Ahdekaunokki Brown Knapweed Brown-rayed Knapweed Rödklint
Centaurea jacea ; [RK, 443]; [GMBOT, 860]; [FPN, 499]
Centaurea Jacea ; [SK, 560]

1000x739 (~54Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 671:53, 7.8.1999, Photo © Markku Savela

600x878 (~41Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 671:53, 7.8.1999, Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Agapeta zoegana, Agonopterix kaekeritziana, A. pallorella, Ceramica pisi, Cochylis dubitana, C. posterana, Coleophora brevipalpella, Ectropis crepuscularia, Eupithecia satyrata, E. subfuscata, E. vulgata, Heliothis viriplaca, Malacosoma castrense, Melitaea phoebe occitanica, Metzneria metzneriella

C. j. var. lacera Koch

Centaurea jacea var. lacera ; [GMBOT, 860]

Centaurea jacea × nigra

Centaurea × drucei C. E. Britton
Centaurea debeauxii × jacea; (incl.)
Centaurea jacea × nigra ; [RK, 443]

Centaurea nigra L.

Mustakaunokki Common Knapweed Black Knapweed Lesser Knapweed Hardheads Horse-knops Spanish Buttons Svartklint
Centaurea nigra ; [RK, 443]; [SK, 560]; [GMBOT, 861]; [FPN, 499]

Foodplant for Aethes smeathmanniana, Agapeta zoegana, Agonopterix kaekeritziana, Coleophora conspicuella, C. paripennella, Paratalanta hyalinalis

C. n. var. radiata DC.

Centaurea nigra var. radiata ; [GMBOT, 861]

Centaurea phrygia L.

Nurmikaunokki Wig Knapweed Ängsklint
Centaurea phrygia ; [RK, 443]; [SK, 560]

600x796 (~46Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 672:53, 17.7.1997, Photo © Markku Savela	600x814 (~45Kb) FINLAND, Ab: Suomusjärvi, 669:31, 30.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela	1000x762 (~87Kb) FINLAND, Ab: Suomusjärvi, 669:31, 30.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
913x1209 (~197Kb) Finland, Ylöjärvi, Veittijärvi, 18.7.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio	1315x972 (~164Kb) Finland, Ylöjärvi, Veittijärvi, 18.7.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio	734x979 (~199Kb) Finland: Mouhijärvi, Tappitori, 4.8.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio
1063x1038 (~142Kb) Finland: Mouhijärvi, Tappitori, 4.8.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio	500x559 (~28Kb) FINLAND: Ab: Suomusjärvi, 669:31, 8.9.1996, Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Cucullia lucifuga, Ectropis crepuscularia, Metzneria metzneriella, Orthosia gothica, Scrobipalpa acuminatella

Centaurea montana L.

Vuorikaunokki Perennial Cornflower Montane Star-thistle Bergklint
Centaurea montana ; [RK, 443]; [FPN, 499]

Foodplant for Melitaea phoebe occitanica

Centaurea cyanus L.

Ruiskaunokki Ruiskukka Cornflower Bluebottle Bachelor's Button Blåklint
Centaurea cyanus, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
Centaurea cyanus ; [RK, 443]; [SK, 561]; [GMBOT, 860]; [FPN, 499]

identification uncertain 600x740 (~81Kb) USA: E Fir St, Seattle, King Co., WA, 12.8.2001 (cultivated), Photo © Markku Savela	identification uncertain 700x798 (~61Kb) USA: E Fir St, Seattle, King Co., WA, 12.8.2001 (cultivated), Photo © Markku Savela	1000x789 (~95Kb) Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 8.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela
734x1023 (~169Kb) Germany, Rügen, Wittow, Nonnevitz, 24.7.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Foodplant for Agonopterix laterella

C. c. f. polygama Mela

Centaurea cyanus f. polygama ; [SK, 561]

Centaurea alba L.

783x1044 (~196Kb) Greece: Ipiros, Monodendri, Vikos, 10.6.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio

787x939 (~55Kb) Greece: Ipiros, Monodendri, Vikos, 10.6.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio

759x1038 (~130Kb) Greece: Ipiros, Monodendri, Vikos, 10.6.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Centaurea repens L.

Turkestan Thistle Russian Star-thistle Russian Knapweed
Centaurea picris
Centaurea repens ; [FPN, 499]

identification uncertain 600x923 (~59Kb) USA: Dry Falls / Sun Lakes State Park, Grant Co., WA, 9.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela

identification uncertain 1000x1365 (~118Kb) USA: Stop at Colorado River on rd. 128 (38°40'56"N, 109°28'42"W), Grand Co., Utah, 15.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

30.5.2009 (25)

References:

[BONAP]

A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands; A data base interface; BONAP U.S. Checklist - 1998; Provided by TAMU-BWG; Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group; Based on; Biota of North America Program

[DVF]

Den Virtuella floran; http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/welcome.html; Ett projekt vid Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Stockholm, Sweden).; Even for non-Swedish speaker, the distribution maps on species are nice (map buttons "Norden" and "Norra halvklotet")

[FPN]

Hitchcock & Cronquist, 1998; Flora of the Pacific Northwest (11th ed.); ISBN 0-295-95273-3

[GMBOT]

Robinson, Benjamin, Fernald, Lyndon, 1908; Gray's New Manual of Botany (7th edition); A Handbook of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Central and Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada; American Book Company

[GNSP]

Wielgorskaya, 1995; Dictionary of generic names of seed plants

[Harri Arkkio]

Finland; For the time being these pictures are only for this site. Other usage not allowed.

[RK]

Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. (eds), 1998; Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finland); Ed. 4. 656 pp.; Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum. Helsinki

[RUNEBERG]

Project Runeberg: Nordic literature online; Project Runeberg; Bilder ur Nordens Fauna (Carl Axel Magnus Lindman)

[SK]

Mela & Cajander, 1906; Suomen Kasvio; Viides painos

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.